Kypreos Kyriakos E, Karagiannides Iordanes, Fotiadou Elisavet H, Karavia Eleni A, Brinkmeier Maria S, Giakoumi Smaragda M, Tsompanidi Eirini M
Department of Medicine, Pharmacology Unit, University of Patras Medical School, Rio, Greece.
FEBS J. 2009 Oct;276(20):5720-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2009.07301.x. Epub 2009 Sep 15.
Apolipoprotein E is a polymorphic glycoprotein in humans with a molecular mass of 34.5 kDa. It is a component of chylomicron remnants, very low density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein and high density lipoprotein, and is primarily responsible for maintaining plasma lipid homeostasis. In addition to these well-documented functions, recent studies in experimental mouse models, as well as population studies, show that apolipoprotein E also plays an important role in the development of obesity and insulin resistance. It is widely accepted that disruption in homeostasis between food intake and energy expenditure, and the subsequent deposition of excess fatty acids into fat cells in the form of triglycerides, leads to the development of obesity. Despite the pivotal role of obesity and dyslipidemia in the development of the metabolic syndrome and heart disease, the functional interactions between adipose tissue and components of the lipoprotein transport system have not yet been investigated thoroughly. In this minireview, we focus on the current literature pertinent to the involvement of apolipoprotein E in the development of pathologies associated with the metabolic syndrome.
载脂蛋白E是一种人类多态性糖蛋白，分子量为34.5 kDa。它是乳糜微粒残粒、极低密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白和高密度脂蛋白的组成成分，主要负责维持血浆脂质稳态。除了这些已被充分证实的功能外，最近在实验小鼠模型以及人群研究中的结果表明，载脂蛋白E在肥胖和胰岛素抵抗的发展过程中也发挥着重要作用。人们普遍认为，食物摄入与能量消耗之间的稳态失衡，以及随后多余脂肪酸以甘油三酯的形式沉积到脂肪细胞中，会导致肥胖的发生。尽管肥胖和血脂异常在代谢综合征和心脏病的发展过程中起着关键作用，但脂肪组织与脂蛋白转运系统各成分之间的功能相互作用尚未得到充分研究。在这篇小型综述中，我们重点关注了与载脂蛋白E参与代谢综合征相关病理发展有关的当前文献。
