Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, UK.
Neuroimage. 2010 Feb 15;49(4):3489-97. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.09.008. Epub 2009 Sep 15.
The main aim of this study was to characterize neural correlates of analogizing as a cognitive contributor to fluid and crystallized intelligence. In a previous fMRI study which employed fluid analogy letter strings as criteria in a multiple plausibility design (Geake and Hansen, 2005), two frontal ROIs associated with working memory (WM) load (within BA 9 and BA 45/46) were identified as regions in which BOLD increase correlated positively with a crystallized measure of (verbal) IQ. In this fMRI study we used fluid letter, number and polygon strings to further investigate the role of analogizing in fluid (transformation string completion) and non fluid or crystallized (unique symbol counting) cognitive tasks. The multi stimulus type (letter, number, polygon) design of the analogy strings enabled investigation of a secondary research question concerning the generalizability of fluid analogizing at a neural level. A selective psychometric battery, including the Raven's Progressive Matrices (RPM), measured individual cognitive abilities. Neural activations for the effect of task-fluid analogizing (string transformation plausibility) vs. crystallized analogizing (unique symbol counting)-included bilateral frontal and parietal areas associated with WM load and fronto parietal models of general intelligence. Neural activations for stimulus type differences were mainly confined to visually specific posterior regions. ROI covariate analyses of the psychometric measures failed to find consistent co-relationships between fluid analogizing and the RPM and other subtests, except for the WAIS Digit Symbol subtest in a group of bilateral frontal cortical regions associated with the maintenance of WM load. Together, these results support claims for separate developmental trajectories for fluid cognition and general intelligence as assessed by these psychometric subtests.
本研究的主要目的是描述类比作为流体智力和晶体智力认知贡献的神经相关物。在之前的一项 fMRI 研究中，采用流体类比字母串作为多重可能性设计的标准（Geake 和 Hansen，2005），两个与工作记忆（WM）负荷相关的额 ROI（BA9 和 BA45/46 内）被确定为 BOLD 增加与晶体智力（言语）的正相关区域。在这项 fMRI 研究中，我们使用流体字母、数字和多边形字符串进一步研究类比在流体（转换字符串完成）和非流体或晶体（独特符号计数）认知任务中的作用。类比字符串的多刺激类型（字母、数字、多边形）设计使我们能够研究一个关于类比在神经水平上的通用性的次要研究问题。一项选择性心理计量学测试，包括瑞文渐进矩阵（RPM），测量了个体认知能力。任务流体类比（字符串转换可能性）与晶体类比（独特符号计数）的神经激活包括与 WM 负荷相关的双侧额顶叶区域和额顶叶一般智力模型。刺激类型差异的神经激活主要局限于视觉特异性的后区域。心理计量学测量的 ROI 协变量分析未能发现流体类比与 RPM 和其他子测试之间的一致关系，除了与 WM 负荷维持相关的双侧额皮质区域组中的 WAIS 数字符号子测试外。总之，这些结果支持了流体认知和一般智力的独立发展轨迹的说法，这些轨迹由这些心理计量子测试评估。
