Cantu Dario, Greve L Carl, Labavitch John M, Powell Ann L T
Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Mycol Res. 2009 Dec;113(Pt 12):1396-403. doi: 10.1016/j.mycres.2009.09.006. Epub 2009 Sep 23.
The ascomycete Botrytis cinerea is a destructive and ubiquitous plant pathogen and represents a model organism for the study of necrotrophic fungal pathogens. Higher fungi possess a complex and dynamic multilayer cell wall involved in crucial aspects of fungal development, growth and pathogenicity. Plant resistance to microbial pathogens is determined often by the capacity of the plant to recognize molecular patterns associated with the surface of an interacting microbe. Here we report the chemical characterization of cell walls from B. cinerea during axenic growth. Neutral sugars and proteins constituted most of the mass of the B. cinerea cell walls, although chitin and uronic acids were detected. Glucose was the most abundant neutral sugar, but arabinose, galactose, xylose and mannose also were present. Changes in cell wall composition during culture were observed. As the culture developed, protein levels declined, while chitin and neutral sugars increased. Growth of B. cinerea was associated with a remarkable decline in the fraction of its cell wall material that was soluble in hot alkali. These results suggest that the cell wall of B. cinerea undergoes significant modifications during growth, possibly becoming more extensively covalently cross-linked, as a result of aging of mycelia or in response to decreasing nutrient supply or as a consequence of increasing culture density.
子囊菌灰葡萄孢是一种具有破坏性且广泛存在的植物病原体，是研究坏死营养型真菌病原体的模式生物。高等真菌拥有一个复杂且动态的多层细胞壁，该细胞壁参与真菌发育、生长和致病性的关键环节。植物对微生物病原体的抗性通常取决于植物识别与相互作用微生物表面相关分子模式的能力。在此，我们报告了灰葡萄孢在无菌培养条件下细胞壁的化学特征。中性糖和蛋白质构成了灰葡萄孢细胞壁的大部分成分，尽管也检测到了几丁质和糖醛酸。葡萄糖是最丰富的中性糖，但阿拉伯糖、半乳糖、木糖和甘露糖也存在。观察到培养过程中细胞壁组成的变化。随着培养的进行，蛋白质水平下降，而几丁质和中性糖增加。灰葡萄孢的生长与其细胞壁物质中可溶于热碱部分的显著下降有关。这些结果表明，灰葡萄孢的细胞壁在生长过程中经历了显著的修饰，可能由于菌丝体老化、对营养供应减少的响应或培养密度增加而变得更加广泛地共价交联。
