University of Arkansas, Psychology Department, 216 Memorial Hall, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA.
Behav Res Ther. 2010 Jan;48(1):74-8. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2009.09.003. Epub 2009 Sep 11.
Attentional bias for threat has been implicated in the contamination fear (CF) subtype of obsessive-compulsive disorder, but the components of the bias (facilitated attention versus difficulty in disengagement) and the stage of processing during which the bias occurs (early versus late stage of processing) remains unclear. Further, it is unclear whether attentional biases in CF are towards fear or disgust-related stimuli. The present study examined attentional biases in a group of individuals selected to have elevated CF (n = 23) and a control group (n = 28) using the spatial cueing task. Stimuli were neutral, disgusting, or frightening pictures presented for either 100 or 500 ms. Results revealed evidence for delayed disengagement from both fear and disgust stimuli in the CF group, but not in the control group. The effect appeared to be greater at 500 ms stimulus presentation, but did not appear to differ between fear and disgust stimuli. The CF group was associated with delayed disengagement from threat even when controlling for generic response slowing. Theoretical and clinical implications are discussed.
注意偏向对威胁的影响与强迫症的污染恐惧（CF）亚型有关，但注意偏向的组成部分（促进注意与难以脱离）以及偏向发生的加工阶段（早期还是晚期加工）仍不清楚。此外，CF 中的注意偏向是针对恐惧还是厌恶相关的刺激也不清楚。本研究使用空间线索任务，在一组被选择具有较高 CF（n=23）的个体和对照组（n=28）中检查了注意偏向。刺激物为中性、令人厌恶或令人恐惧的图片，呈现时间分别为 100 或 500 毫秒。结果表明，CF 组对恐惧和厌恶刺激都存在延迟脱离的证据，但对照组没有。在 500 毫秒刺激呈现时，效果似乎更大，但恐惧和厌恶刺激之间没有差异。即使控制了一般的反应速度，CF 组仍与威胁的延迟脱离有关。讨论了理论和临床意义。
