Division of Pharmacognosy, Section Metabolomics, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands.
J Agric Food Chem. 2009 Oct 28;57(20):9599-606. doi: 10.1021/jf902069f.
Grapevine (Vitis vinifera ssp. vinifera L.) and grapes have been extensively studied due to their numerous nutritional benefits and health affecting activities. In this study, metabolite fingerprinting of crude leaf extracts, based on (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and multivariate data analyses, has been used for the metabolic characterization of six different grapevine cultivars including downy and powdery mildew resistant 'Regent' and susceptible 'Lemberger' among others. Several two-dimensional (2D)-NMR techniques were also employed leading to the identification of a number of different types of compounds. Principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), and partial least-squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) of the processed (1)H NMR data revealed clear differences among the cultivars. Metabolites responsible for the discrimination in different grapevine cultivars belong to major classes, that is, organic acids, amino acids, carbohydrates, phenylpropanoids and flavonoids. A differentiation of the cultivars based on their resistance to downy mildew infection was also achieved, and metabolites associated with this trait, namely, quercetin-3-O-glucoside and a trans-feruloyl derivative, were identified. On the basis of these results, the distribution of different plant metabolites among the different grapevine cultivars is presented.
葡萄（Vitis vinifera ssp. vinifera L.）和葡萄已被广泛研究，因为它们具有许多营养价值和对健康有影响的活动。在这项研究中，基于（1）H 核磁共振（NMR）光谱和多变量数据分析的粗叶提取物代谢指纹图谱已用于代谢特征描述六种不同的葡萄品种，包括抗霜霉病和白粉病的“Regent”和易感的“Lemberger”等。还采用了几种二维（2D）-NMR 技术，导致鉴定出许多不同类型的化合物。经处理的（1）H NMR 数据的主成分分析（PCA）、层次聚类分析（HCA）和偏最小二乘判别分析（PLS-DA）显示出品种之间的明显差异。负责区分不同葡萄品种的代谢物属于主要类别，即有机酸、氨基酸、碳水化合物、苯丙素类和类黄酮。还实现了基于对霜霉病感染的抗性对不同葡萄品种的区分，并鉴定出与该性状相关的代谢物，即槲皮素-3-O-葡萄糖苷和反式阿魏酰衍生物。基于这些结果，提出了不同葡萄品种之间不同植物代谢物的分布。
