壳聚糖的生物降解、生物分布和毒性。

Biodegradation, biodistribution and toxicity of chitosan.

机构信息

Case Western Reserve University, Orthopaedics Department, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.

出版信息

Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2010 Jan 31;62(1):3-11. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2009.09.004. Epub 2009 Oct 1.

DOI:10.1016/j.addr.2009.09.004

PMID:19800377

Abstract

Chitosan is a natural polysaccharide that has attracted significant scientific interest during the last two decades. It is a potentially biologically compatible material that is chemically versatile (-NH2 groups and various M(w)). These two basic properties have been used by drug delivery and tissue engineering scientists to create a plethora of formulations and scaffolds that show promise in healthcare. Despite the high number of published studies, chitosan is not approved by the FDA for any product in drug delivery, and as a consequence very few biotech companies are using this material. This review will aim to provide information on these biological properties that affect chitosan's safe use in drug delivery. The term "Chitosan" represents a large group of structurally different chemical entities that may show different biodistribution, biodegradation and toxicological profiles. Here we aim to review research in this area and critically discuss chitosan's potential to be used as a generally regarded as safe (GRAS) material.

摘要

壳聚糖是一种天然多糖，在过去二十年中引起了科学界的极大兴趣。它是一种具有潜在生物相容性的材料，化学性质多样（-NH2 基团和各种 M(w)）。这两个基本特性被药物输送和组织工程科学家用于创造大量的配方和支架，这些配方和支架在医疗保健方面显示出了希望。尽管已经发表了大量的研究，但壳聚糖尚未被 FDA 批准用于任何药物输送产品，因此很少有生物技术公司使用这种材料。这篇综述旨在提供有关这些生物特性的信息，这些特性会影响壳聚糖在药物输送中的安全使用。“壳聚糖”一词代表了一大类结构不同的化学实体，它们可能表现出不同的生物分布、生物降解和毒理学特征。在这里，我们旨在回顾该领域的研究，并批判性地讨论壳聚糖作为一般认为安全（GRAS）材料的潜力。