母乳喂养：制定新政策的时机。
Breast feeding: A time to craft new policies.
作者信息
Stein Zena, Kuhn Louise
机构信息
HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, New York Psychiatric Institute, New York, USA.
出版信息
J Public Health Policy. 2009 Sep;30(3):300-10. doi: 10.1057/jphp.2009.23.
New studies of breastfeeding have discovered or confirmed the benefits to mother and child. They reinforce an emphasis on exclusive breastfeeding - no other food or fluids - during the first 6 months. Studies include findings from across the world, in well-resourced and poorly resourced settings. They also emphasize longer duration of breastfeeding, into the second year of life, and gradual rather than abrupt weaning. For HIV-infected mothers, the dangers of non-exclusive feeding in the first half year of life have been well documented in recent publications. Other studies open up the possibilities for antiretroviral treatment to accompany breastfeeding, whether given to the mother, or child, or both. To be effective, implementation of any recommendations must consider individual, family, and community resources.
关于母乳喂养的新研究发现或证实了其对母婴的益处。这些研究强化了在头6个月进行纯母乳喂养（不添加其他食物或液体）的重要性。研究涵盖了世界各地资源丰富和资源匮乏地区的研究结果。它们还强调延长母乳喂养时间至孩子两岁，并采用逐渐断奶而非突然断奶的方式。对于感染艾滋病毒的母亲，近期出版物已充分记录了在孩子出生后半年内非纯母乳喂养的危害。其他研究为在母乳喂养期间同时进行抗逆转录病毒治疗开辟了可能性，无论是给母亲、孩子还是两者都进行治疗。要使任何建议有效实施，都必须考虑个人、家庭和社区的资源情况。
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