Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Augsburg, Germany.
Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2010 Jun;19(6):475-81. doi: 10.1007/s00787-009-0057-0. Epub 2009 Oct 8.
The objective of this study is to compare the cognitive profile, the motor and language functioning and the psychosocial adaptation of children with Asperger syndrome (AS) and with high-functioning autism (HFA). Subjects were recruited through the department Autism and Developmental Disorders of the Heckscher-Klinikum. To be included in the study, the full-scale-IQ had to be at least 80. Subjects with AS had to have a normal early language development and subjects with HFA a clear delay in language development, as reported by their parents. The sample consisted of 57 children with Asperger syndrome and 55 children with high-functioning autism. The mean age of the children was 10 years. All subjects were examined with a standardised test battery. Children with AS had a higher full-scale-IQ than children with HFA. This was due to a higher verbal-IQ. There were no significant differences in the performance-IQ. At a mean age of 10 years, subjects with AS had better language skills than subjects with HFA, but at least 30% showed clear receptive language problems. Motor problems were present in about 50% of the children with AS and HFA. The level of psychosocial adaptation was clearly reduced, but was comparable for the two groups. The differences in verbal-IQ and language skills between the two groups could be explained through the definition of the syndromes. The presence of language problems in the subjects with AS at age 10, the comparable degree of motor impairment and level of psychosocial adaptation question the validity of the distinction between AS and HFA within the category of pervasive developmental disorders.
本研究旨在比较阿斯伯格综合征（AS）和高功能自闭症（HFA）儿童的认知特征、运动和语言功能以及心理社会适应能力。研究对象通过 Heckscher-Klinikum 的自闭症和发育障碍科招募。为了纳入研究，全量表智商（FSIQ）必须至少为 80。AS 患者必须具有正常的早期语言发育，而 HFA 患者的语言发育延迟，这是由他们的父母报告的。样本包括 57 名阿斯伯格综合征儿童和 55 名高功能自闭症儿童。儿童的平均年龄为 10 岁。所有受试者均接受了标准化测试。AS 患儿的 FSIQ 高于 HFA 患儿。这是由于言语智商较高。表现智商没有显著差异。在平均年龄为 10 岁时，AS 患儿的语言技能优于 HFA 患儿，但至少有 30%的患儿存在明显的接受性语言问题。大约 50%的 AS 和 HFA 患儿存在运动问题。心理社会适应水平明显降低，但两组之间相当。两组之间言语智商和语言技能的差异可以通过对综合征的定义来解释。在 10 岁时，AS 患儿存在语言问题，运动障碍程度相当，心理社会适应水平相当，这对在广泛性发育障碍类别中区分 AS 和 HFA 的有效性提出了质疑。
