Tine Van Damme, Bernard Sabbe, Dirk van West, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium.
World J Psychiatry. 2015 Sep 22;5(3):315-29. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v5.i3.315.
To summarize research regarding the motor abilities of children and adolescents who suffer from a common psychiatric condition.
In order to outline the current knowledge regarding the motor abilities of children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), disruptive behavior disorders (DBD) and depression, a comprehensive systematic literature search was carried out using PubMed, Medline and ERIC databases. The databases were searched for relevant English language articles published between January 1990 and April 2014. Only studies that conducted a quantitative evaluation of motor ability and concerned individuals aged 0-18 years were included. A separate search was conducted for each disorder (ASD, ADHD, DBD, depression) in conjunction with each of the following keywords: (psycho/perceptuo) motor/movement skill(s), (psycho/perceptuo) motor/movement abilities, (psycho/perceptuo) motor/movement impairment, (psycho/perceptuo) motor/movement problem(s), motor function, motor coordination, motor performance, motor deficit(s). To detect supplementary relevant literature, the reference lists of the retrieved articles were examined.
The search strategy yielded 51 studies meeting the inclusion criteria. In total, 28 studies were included that examined the motor abilities of children and adolescents with ASD. All studies indicated that they performed below average on various standardized motor assessment instruments. The overall prevalence rate for impairment in motor abilities ranged from 33% to 100%. Twenty-seven studies examined the motor abilities of children and adolescents with ADHD. Depending on the type of motor assessment tool and the cut-off points used by different researchers, prevalence rates of impairment in motor abilities are highly variable and ranged from 8% to 73%. Remarkably, there is a paucity of research addressing the motor abilities of individuals with DBD or depression. Furthermore, methodological problems, such as measurement and comorbidity issues, complicate the generalization of the findings.
Research suggests that motor impairment is highly prevalent in some psychiatric conditions, particularly ASD and ADHD. However, future work is necessary to draw sound conclusions.
总结患有常见精神疾病的儿童和青少年的运动能力研究。
为了概述自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）、注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）、破坏性行为障碍（DBD）和抑郁症儿童和青少年运动能力的最新知识，我们使用 PubMed、Medline 和 ERIC 数据库进行了全面的系统文献检索。这些数据库检索了 1990 年 1 月至 2014 年 4 月期间发表的相关英文文章。仅纳入对运动能力进行定量评估且关注 0-18 岁个体的研究。针对每种疾病（ASD、ADHD、DBD、抑郁症），与以下每个关键词进行了单独搜索：（心理/感知）运动/运动技能（s），（心理/感知）运动/运动能力，（心理/感知）运动/运动损伤，（心理/感知）运动/运动问题（s），运动功能，运动协调，运动表现，运动缺陷（s）。为了检测补充相关文献，还检查了检索文章的参考文献列表。
该搜索策略产生了 51 项符合纳入标准的研究。总共纳入了 28 项研究，这些研究检查了 ASD 儿童和青少年的运动能力。所有研究均表明，他们在各种标准化运动评估工具上的表现低于平均水平。运动能力损伤的总体患病率范围为 33%-100%。27 项研究检查了 ADHD 儿童和青少年的运动能力。根据运动评估工具的类型以及不同研究人员使用的截止点，运动能力损伤的患病率差异很大，范围为 8%-73%。值得注意的是，针对 DBD 或抑郁症个体运动能力的研究很少。此外，测量和共病问题等方法学问题使研究结果的推广复杂化。
研究表明，运动障碍在某些精神疾病中非常普遍，尤其是 ASD 和 ADHD。然而，有必要开展进一步的研究以得出确切的结论。
