Sanou Aboubakary, Simboro Seraphin, Kouyaté Bocar, Dugas Marylène, Graham Janice, Bibeau Gilles
Université de Montréal, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Québec, Canada.
BMC Int Health Hum Rights. 2009 Oct 14;9 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):S10. doi: 10.1186/1472-698X-9-S1-S10.
The Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) is still in need of improvement. In Burkina Faso in 2003, for example, the Nouna health district had an immunization coverage rate of 31.5%, compared to the national rate of 52%. This study identifies specific factors associated with immunization status in Nouna health district in order to advance improved intervention strategies in this district and in those with similar environmental and social contexts.
A cross-sectional study was undertaken in 41 rural communities and one semi-urban area (urban in the text). Data on 476 children aged 12 to 23 months were analyzed from a representative sample of 489, drawn from the Nouna Health Research Centre's Demographic Surveillance System (DSS) database. The vaccination history of these children was examined. The relationships between their immunization status and social, economic and various contextual variables associated with their parents and households were assessed using Chi square test, Pearson correlation and logistic regression.
The total immunization coverage was 50.2% (CI, 45.71; 54.69). Parental knowledge of the preventive value of immunization was positively related to complete immunization status (p = 0.03) in rural areas. Children of parents who reported a perception of communication problems surrounding immunization had a lower immunization coverage rate (p < 0.001). No distance related difference exists in terms of complete immunization coverage within villages and between villages outside the site of the health centres. Children of non-educated fathers in rural areas have higher rates of complete immunization coverage than those in the urban area (p = 0.028). Good communication about immunization and the importance of availability of immunization booklets, as well as economic and religious factors appear to positively affect children's immunization status.
Vaccination sites in remote areas are intended to provide a greater opportunity for children to access vaccination services. These efforts, however, are often hampered by the poor economic conditions of households and insufficient communication and knowledge regarding immunization issues. While comprehensive communication may improve understanding about immunization, it is necessary that local interventions also take into account religious specificities and critical economic periods. Particular approaches that take into consideration these distinctions need to be applied in both rural and urban settings. ABSTRACT IN FRENCH: See the full article online for a translation of this abstract in French.
扩大免疫规划（EPI）仍有待改进。例如，2003年在布基纳法索，努纳卫生区的免疫接种覆盖率为31.5%，而全国覆盖率为52%。本研究确定了与努纳卫生区免疫状况相关的具体因素，以便在该地区以及具有类似环境和社会背景的地区推进改进干预策略。
在41个农村社区和1个半城市地区（原文为城市）开展了一项横断面研究。从努纳卫生研究中心人口监测系统（DSS）数据库中抽取的489名儿童的代表性样本中，分析了476名12至23个月大儿童的数据。检查了这些儿童的疫苗接种史。使用卡方检验、Pearson相关性分析和逻辑回归评估了他们的免疫状况与与其父母和家庭相关的社会、经济及各种背景变量之间的关系。
总免疫接种覆盖率为50.2%（置信区间，45.71；54.69）。在农村地区，父母对免疫接种预防价值的了解与完全免疫接种状况呈正相关（p = 0.03）。报告认为免疫接种存在沟通问题的父母的孩子，其免疫接种覆盖率较低（p < 0.001）。在村庄内部以及卫生中心所在地以外的村庄之间，完全免疫接种覆盖率不存在与距离相关的差异。农村地区未受过教育的父亲的孩子的完全免疫接种覆盖率高于城市地区（p = 0.028）。关于免疫接种的良好沟通以及免疫接种手册的可得性的重要性，以及经济和宗教因素似乎对儿童的免疫接种状况有积极影响。
偏远地区的疫苗接种点旨在为儿童提供更多获得疫苗接种服务的机会。然而，这些努力往往受到家庭经济状况不佳以及关于免疫接种问题的沟通和知识不足的阻碍。虽然全面沟通可能会增进对免疫接种的理解，但地方干预措施也有必要考虑宗教特殊性和关键经济时期。需要在农村和城市环境中应用考虑到这些差异的特定方法。法文摘要：可在线查看本文全文以获取该摘要的法文译文。
