Crowley Michael J, Wu Jia, Bailey Christopher A, Mayes Linda C
Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06473, USA.
Neuroreport. 2009 Nov 25;20(17):1513-7. doi: 10.1097/WNR.0b013e32832ff2f5.
The feedback-related negativity (FRN) is an event-related potential thought to reflect a reward prediction error, when an outcome is worse than expected. Behavior motivated by the avoidance of negative outcomes is sustained through negative reinforcement processes. Escaping or avoiding a negative outcome may be successful or not, resulting in an analogous situation to that which elicits the FRN. We observed that when expected avoidance of an aversive outcome fails to occur, there occurs a negative deflection in the frontocentral event-related potential at approximately 350 ms, but with a slow wave following. We suggest that the FRN may be considered an index of a broader class of reward-based learning that also includes avoiding negative outcomes as well as expecting positive ones.
反馈相关负波（FRN）是一种事件相关电位，被认为反映了奖励预测误差，即当结果比预期更糟时。由避免负面结果所驱动的行为通过负强化过程得以维持。逃避或避免负面结果可能成功也可能失败，从而导致类似于引发FRN的情况。我们观察到，当预期的对厌恶结果的避免未能发生时，在大约350毫秒时额中央事件相关电位会出现负向偏转，但随后会有一个慢波。我们认为，FRN可能被视为一类更广泛的基于奖励的学习的指标，这类学习还包括避免负面结果以及期待正面结果。
