DeRossi R, Benites A P, Ferreira J Z, Neto J M N, Hermeto L C
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Anaesthesiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
J S Afr Vet Assoc. 2009 Jun;80(2):79-83. doi: 10.4102/jsava.v80i2.175.
In order to determine the analgesic and cardiovascular effects of the combination of epidural ketamine and lidocaine, 6 sedated cats were studied. Six healthy, young cats were used in a prospective randomised study. Each cat underwent 3 treatments, at least 1 week apart, via epidural injection: (1) ketamine (2.5 mg/kg), (2) lidocaine (4.0 mg/kg), and (3) ketamine (2.5 mg/kg) plus lidocaine (4.0 mg/kg). Epidural injections were administered through the lumbosacral space. Analgesia, motor block, sedation, heart rate, arterial blood pressure, respiratory rate and arterial oxygen saturation were measured. Rectal temperature was compared before and after sedation as well as after epidural administration of the drugs. Epidural administration of the ketamine/lidocaine combination induced prolonged analgesia extending from the coccygeal to the T13-L1 dermatomes, leading to severe ataxia. Cardiovascular effects were significant in all treatments: heart rate decreased, but there was a minimal reduction in arterial pressure. It was concluded that adding a dose of ketamine to epidural lidocaine in cats is feasible and effective.
为了确定硬膜外注射氯胺酮和利多卡因联合使用的镇痛及心血管效应，对6只镇静的猫进行了研究。在一项前瞻性随机研究中使用了6只健康的年轻猫。每只猫通过硬膜外注射接受3种治疗，每次治疗间隔至少1周：（1）氯胺酮（2.5毫克/千克），（2）利多卡因（4.0毫克/千克），以及（3）氯胺酮（2.5毫克/千克）加利多卡因（4.0毫克/千克）。硬膜外注射通过腰骶间隙进行。测量了镇痛、运动阻滞、镇静、心率、动脉血压、呼吸频率和动脉血氧饱和度。比较了镇静前后以及硬膜外给药后直肠温度。硬膜外注射氯胺酮/利多卡因联合用药可产生从尾骨到T13-L1皮节的长时间镇痛，导致严重共济失调。所有治疗均有显著的心血管效应：心率下降，但动脉压仅有轻微降低。得出的结论是，在猫硬膜外利多卡因中添加一剂氯胺酮是可行且有效的。
