California State University, Fullerton, Department of Health Science, United States.
Cancer Epidemiol. 2009 Dec;33(6):419-23. doi: 10.1016/j.canep.2009.09.005. Epub 2009 Oct 14.
Dietary intakes of vegetable, fruit, fiber, folate, and B vitamins have been associated with reduced breast and/or ovarian cancer risk. However, few studies have assessed dietary intakes and factors associated with diet in women with family history of breast and/or ovarian cancer (FHBOC). We examined dietary intakes and predictors of diet in women with FHBOC (n=211) enrolled in a population-based cancer family registry.
We assessed diet via a food frequency questionnaire, family history by telephone and demographic variables by questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were performed, and multivariate linear regression analyses were conducted to examine variables [body mass index (BMI), age, parity, energy intake, alcohol use, smoking and education] associated with dietary intakes.
Mean daily intakes were: 2.57 vegetable servings [+/-standard deviation (SD) 1.22], 1.56 fruit servings (+/-0.9), 11.21g fiber (+/-5.32) and 33.85% energy from fat (+/-9.05), 241.98microg folate (+/-120.80) and 1.33mg vitamin B6 (+/-0.62). Regression analyses showed that younger age, smoking, lower education and higher BMI had a significant association with decreasing vegetable, fruit and/or fiber intakes. BMI had a significant positive association with % energy from fat. Similar results were observed when assessing independent variables with micronutrient intakes studied.
These data suggest that women with FHBOC should be encouraged to meet dietary guidelines for cancer prevention. Specifically, public health dietary interventions should target women with FHBOC who are smokers, less educated, have a higher BMI and are younger. Such interventions may potentially reduce breast and/or ovarian cancer risk in this population.
蔬菜、水果、纤维、叶酸和 B 族维生素的饮食摄入量与降低乳腺癌和/或卵巢癌的风险有关。然而，很少有研究评估有乳腺癌和/或卵巢癌家族史（FHBOC）的女性的饮食摄入量和与饮食相关的因素。我们检查了 211 名参加基于人群的癌症家族登记处的 FHBOC 女性的饮食摄入量和饮食预测因素。
我们通过食物频率问卷评估饮食，通过电话评估家族史和人口统计学变量通过问卷。进行描述性统计分析，并进行多变量线性回归分析，以检查与饮食摄入量相关的变量（体重指数（BMI）、年龄、产次、能量摄入、饮酒、吸烟和教育）。
平均每日摄入量为：2.57 份蔬菜（+/-标准差 1.22），1.56 份水果（+/-0.9），11.21g 纤维（+/-5.32）和 33.85%的能量来自脂肪（+/-9.05），241.98μg 叶酸（+/-120.80）和 1.33mg 维生素 B6（+/-0.62）。回归分析显示，年龄较小、吸烟、教育程度较低和 BMI 较高与蔬菜、水果和/或纤维摄入量减少有显著关联。BMI 与脂肪能量百分比呈显著正相关。在评估所研究微量营养素摄入量的独立变量时也观察到了类似的结果。
这些数据表明，应鼓励有 FHBOC 的女性遵循癌症预防的饮食指南。具体来说，公共卫生饮食干预措施应针对吸烟、教育程度较低、BMI 较高和年龄较小的 FHBOC 女性。这种干预措施可能会降低该人群的乳腺癌和/或卵巢癌风险。
