Kaplan Jeffrey B
Department of Oral Biology, New Jersey Dental School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA.
Int J Artif Organs. 2009 Sep;32(9):545-54. doi: 10.1177/039139880903200903.
Surface-attached colonies of bacteria known as biofilms play a major role in the pathogenesis of medical device infections. Biofilm colonies are notorious for their resistance to antibiotics and host defenses, which makes most device infections difficult or impossible to eradicate. Bacterial cells in a biofilm are held together by an extracellular polymeric matrix that is synthesized by the bacteria themselves. Enzymes that degrade biofilm matrix polymers have been shown to inhibit biofilm formation, detach established biofilm colonies, and render biofilm cells sensitive to killing by antimicrobial agents. This review discusses the potential use of biofilm matrix-degrading enzymes as anti-biofilm agents for the treatment and prevention of device infections. Two enzymes, deoxyribonuclease I and the glycoside hydrolase dispersin B, will be reviewed in detail. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrating the anti-biofilm activities of these two enzymes will be summarized, and the therapeutic potential and possible drawbacks of using these enzymes as clinical agents will be discussed.
被称为生物膜的细菌表面附着菌落，在医疗器械感染的发病机制中起着主要作用。生物膜菌落在抵抗抗生素和宿主防御方面声名狼藉，这使得大多数器械感染难以或无法根除。生物膜中的细菌细胞通过细菌自身合成的细胞外聚合物基质聚集在一起。已证明，降解生物膜基质聚合物的酶可抑制生物膜形成、使已形成的生物膜菌落脱落，并使生物膜细胞对抗菌剂的杀伤敏感。本综述讨论了生物膜基质降解酶作为抗生物膜剂在治疗和预防器械感染方面的潜在用途。将详细综述两种酶，即脱氧核糖核酸酶I和糖苷水解酶分散素B。将总结证明这两种酶具有抗生物膜活性的体外和体内研究，并讨论将这些酶用作临床药物的治疗潜力和可能的缺点。
