Department of Renal Medicine, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK.
Nat Rev Nephrol. 2009 Dec;5(12):701-12. doi: 10.1038/nrneph.2009.183. Epub 2009 Oct 27.
Proteomics-based approaches are generating considerable data in clinical nephrology covering almost all aspects of the discipline. Proteomic experiments commonly involve fractionation and protein separation, followed by mass spectrometric analysis to identify proteins and peptides. Biostatistical and bioinformatical input is essential in such experiments, from initial experimental design to analysis of data. Standardization of procedures is an important research objective. Depending on study design, results can lead to biomarker discovery, mechanistic insight and identification of potential avenues for therapeutic intervention and treatment evaluation. Understanding proteomic information and its place in current clinical research and practice is fundamental. This Review describes proteomic experimentation and the concepts behind it, and gives an overview of its application to important areas in clinical nephrology including acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, end-stage renal disease, genetic diseases and fluid and electrolyte disorders, with a particular focus on biomarker discovery. The importance of future developments, such as the establishment of an infrastructure for a 'biomarker pipeline' with structured validation pathways for candidate biomarkers and development of clinical assays, is also discussed and some future perspectives are presented.
基于蛋白质组学的方法在临床肾脏病学中产生了大量的数据，几乎涵盖了该学科的所有方面。蛋白质组学实验通常包括分级和蛋白质分离，然后进行质谱分析以鉴定蛋白质和肽。在这些实验中，从初始实验设计到数据分析，都需要生物统计学和生物信息学的输入。标准化程序是一个重要的研究目标。根据研究设计，结果可以导致生物标志物的发现、机制的深入了解以及治疗干预和治疗评估的潜在途径的确定。了解蛋白质组学信息及其在当前临床研究和实践中的地位是基础。这篇综述描述了蛋白质组学实验及其背后的概念，并概述了其在临床肾脏病学的重要领域中的应用，包括急性肾损伤、慢性肾脏病、终末期肾病、遗传疾病以及液体和电解质紊乱，特别关注生物标志物的发现。还讨论了未来发展的重要性，例如建立一个“生物标志物管道”的基础设施，该基础设施具有候选生物标志物的结构化验证途径和临床检测方法的开发，同时还提出了一些未来的展望。
