Gobel Silke M, Snowling Margaret J
Department of Psychology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD.
Q J Exp Psychol (Hove). 2010 Jul;63(7):1361-73. doi: 10.1080/17470210903359206. Epub 2009 Nov 4.
The present study investigated basic numerical skills and arithmetic in adults with developmental dyslexia. Participants performed exact and approximate calculation, basic numerical tasks (e.g., counting; symbolic number comparison; spatial-numerical association of response codes, SNARC), and visuospatial tasks (mental rotation and visual search tasks). The group with dyslexia showed a marginal impairment in counting compared to age- and IQ-matched controls, and they were impaired in exact addition, in particular with respect to speed. They were also significantly slower in multiplication. In basic number processing, however, there was no significant difference in performance between those with dyslexia and controls. Both groups performed similarly on subtraction and approximate addition tasks. These findings indicate that basic number processing in adults with dyslexia is intact. Their difficulties are restricted to the verbal code and are not associated with deficits in nonverbal magnitude representation, visual Arabic number form, or spatial cognition.
本研究调查了发育性阅读障碍成年人的基本数字技能和算术能力。参与者进行了精确计算和近似计算、基本数字任务（如计数、符号数字比较、反应编码的空间-数字关联，即SNARC）以及视觉空间任务（心理旋转和视觉搜索任务）。与年龄和智商匹配的对照组相比，阅读障碍组在计数方面表现出轻微损伤，并且在精确加法运算中存在损伤，尤其是在速度方面。他们在乘法运算中也明显更慢。然而，在基本数字处理方面，阅读障碍者与对照组在表现上没有显著差异。两组在减法和近似加法任务上表现相似。这些发现表明，阅读障碍成年人的基本数字处理能力是完好的。他们的困难仅限于语言编码，与非语言数量表征、视觉阿拉伯数字形式或空间认知方面的缺陷无关。
