Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Food Hygiene and Technology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.
Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2010 Mar;7(3):307-12. doi: 10.1089/fpd.2009.0367.
One hundred fifty-three wild boars shot in the canton of Geneva, Switzerland, were studied for the occurrence of foodborne pathogens. Tonsils and fecal samples of the animals were examined using real-time polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked fluorescent immunoassay, and cultural methods. The detection rate of Salmonella spp., Yersinia enterocolitica, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, stx-positive Escherichia coli, and Listeria monocytogenes was 12%, 35%, 20%, 9%, and 17%, respectively, when tonsil samples were studied. Only Y. enterocolitica (5%) and L. monocytogenes (1%) were detected in fecal samples. None of the samples was positive for Campylobacter spp. Females (71%) and young animals (61%) carried more frequently one or more pathogens than males (53%) and older ones (44%). In total, 8 Salmonella spp., 14 Y. enterocolitica, 4 Y. pseudotuberculosis, and 26 L. monocytogenes strains were further characterized. Most of the Salmonella spp. strains were of serotype Salmonella Enteritidis (75%) followed by serotypes Salmonella Stourbridge (13%) and Salmonella Veneziana (13%). L. monocytogenes strains belonged to serotypes 1/2a (42%), 1/2b (19%), and 4b (38%). Serotypes O:3 (36%), O:5,27 (21%), and O:9 (29%) were identified among Y. enterocolitica strains and serotypes O:1 (75%) and O:2 (25%) among Y. pseudotuberculosis strains. This study shows that wild boars are frequent carriers of foodborne pathogens. High wild boar densities and increasing popularity of outdoor ranging of pigs may intensify the risk of transmission of these pathogens to fattening pigs.
在瑞士日内瓦州，有 153 头野猪被射杀，用于研究食源性病原体的发生情况。使用实时聚合酶链反应、酶联荧光免疫测定和培养方法检测动物的扁桃体和粪便样本。研究扁桃体样本时，沙门氏菌、小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌、假结核耶尔森菌、stx 阳性大肠杆菌和单核细胞增生李斯特菌的检出率分别为 12%、35%、20%、9%和 17%，粪便样本中仅检测到小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌（5%）和单核细胞增生李斯特菌（1%）。未检测到弯曲菌属。雌性（71%）和幼龄动物（61%）携带一种或多种病原体的频率高于雄性（53%）和大龄动物（44%）。总共对 8 株沙门氏菌、14 株小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌、4 株假结核耶尔森菌和 26 株单核细胞增生李斯特菌菌株进行了进一步鉴定。大多数沙门氏菌菌株为肠炎沙门氏菌血清型（75%），其次是斯图尔布鲁克沙门氏菌血清型（13%）和威尼斯沙门氏菌血清型（13%）。单核细胞增生李斯特菌菌株属于 1/2a 血清型（42%）、1/2b 血清型（19%）和 4b 血清型（38%）。小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌菌株中鉴定出 O:3（36%）、O:5,27（21%）和 O:9（29%），假结核耶尔森菌菌株中鉴定出 O:1（75%）和 O:2（25%）。本研究表明，野猪是食源性病原体的频繁携带者。野猪密度高，猪户外放养日益流行，可能会加剧这些病原体向育肥猪传播的风险。
