Takei Teiji, Amin Noryati Abu, Schmid George, Dhingra-Kumar Neelam, Rugg Deborah
EMP/EVA/MOE, UNAIDS, Geneva, Switzerland.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2009 Dec;52 Suppl 2:S127-31. doi: 10.1097/QAI.0b013e3181baf0ac.
To assess progress toward ensuring a globally safe blood supply.
We examined 2 global databases for blood safety: (1) that of the United Nations General Assembly Special Session on HIV/AIDS (UNGASS) blood safety indicator; and (2) that of the Global Database on Blood Safety (GDBS), a database developed by the World Health Organization. The UNGASS data were collected through the Ministry of Health based on the GDBS data, followed by a reconciliation and cross-checking of the data by World Health Organization and United Nations Programme on AIDS (UNAIDS).
The proportion of United Nations member countries reporting UNGASS data for blood safety is among the highest of all UNGASS indicators: 147 of 192 United Nations Member States participated in UNGASS reporting in 2008 and 125 of them (85%) submitted data on blood safety. Ninety-one of the 125 countries (73%) reported that 100% of collected blood units were screened in a quality assured manner, but 34 countries did not screen all collected blood units in accordance with minimum quality standards. GDBS data showed that 80.7 million blood units were collected globally in 167 countries during 2004-2005, of which 77.3 million were tested for HIV and at least 0.6 million of the remaining 3.4 million donations went untested.
Progress has been made toward eliminating blood transfusion as a significant cause of HIV infection globally. Screening all donated blood for HIV in accordance with minimum quality standards remains vital, however, as health care systems should, at a minimum, do no harm. This goal is achievable and would assist in reaching Millennium Development Goals by 2015.
评估在确保全球安全血液供应方面取得的进展。
我们审查了两个血液安全全球数据库：（1）联合国大会关于艾滋病毒/艾滋病问题特别会议（UNGASS）的血液安全指标数据库；（2）全球血液安全数据库（GDBS），这是世界卫生组织开发的一个数据库。UNGASS数据是通过各国卫生部根据GDBS数据收集的，随后由世界卫生组织和联合国艾滋病规划署（UNAIDS）对数据进行核对和交叉核查。
报告UNGASS血液安全数据的联合国成员国比例在所有UNGASS指标中是最高的：2008年，192个联合国成员国中有147个参与了UNGASS报告，其中125个（85%）提交了血液安全数据。125个国家中的91个（73%）报告称，所有采集的血液单位均以质量保证的方式进行了筛查，但有34个国家未按照最低质量标准对所有采集的血液单位进行筛查。GDBS数据显示，2004 - 2005年期间，167个国家全球共采集了8070万个血液单位，其中7730万个进行了艾滋病毒检测，其余340万个捐赠单位中至少有60万个未检测。
在全球消除输血作为艾滋病毒感染的一个重要原因方面已取得进展。然而，按照最低质量标准对所有捐赠血液进行艾滋病毒筛查仍然至关重要，因为医疗保健系统至少不应造成伤害。这一目标是可以实现的，并且将有助于到2015年实现千年发展目标。
