Rugg Deborah, Marais Hein, Carael Michel, De Lay Paul, Warner-Smith Matthew
Department of Evidence, Monitoring and Policy (EMP), Monitoring & Evaluation (EVA) Division, UNAIDS, Geneva, Switzerland.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2009 Dec;52 Suppl 2:S69-76. doi: 10.1097/QAI.0b013e3181baec7c.
At the 2001 United Nations General Assembly Special Session on HIV/AIDS (UNGASS), Member States agreed to regularly review progress made in national responses to HIV. This article provides (1) a brief overview of how the resultant global UNGASS reporting system was developed; (2) the origins, background, limitations and potential of that system; (3) an overview of the articles in this supplement; and (4) crosscutting institutional and methodological issues.
United Nations Member States biennially provide The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) with data on 25 core indicators of national responses to HIV, collected in Country Progress Reports. This article critically reviews and interprets these data in light of international political considerations and overall data needs.
There has been a considerable improvement in response rates, accompanied by an increase in data quality and completeness. Both nationally and internationally, the UNGASS process is viewed as being more substantial and important than a reporting exercise to the United Nations General Assembly. The process has catalyzed the development of national monitoring systems and has created opportunities for civil society to monitor and challenge government commitments and deeds.
Although the UNGASS global reporting system now comprises an unequaled wealth of data on HIV responses, collected from a broad range of countries, it cannot yet answer several critical questions about the progress and effectiveness of those responses. Evaluation studies that go beyond indicator monitoring are needed, but they will take time to design, fund, implement and interpret. In the meantime, this global monitoring system provides a good indication of the overall progress in the global response to HIV and whether Millennium Development Goal (MDG) 6 (to halt and reverse the HIV epidemic) is likely to be reached by 2015.
在2001年联合国关于艾滋病毒/艾滋病问题的大会特别会议（UNGASS）上，会员国同意定期审查各国应对艾滋病毒方面取得的进展。本文提供了以下内容：（1）对由此产生的全球UNGASS报告系统的发展情况进行简要概述；（2）该系统的起源、背景、局限性和潜力；（3）本增刊中文章的概述；（4）贯穿各领域的机构和方法问题。
联合国会员国每两年向联合国艾滋病毒/艾滋病联合规划署（UNAIDS）提供在《国家进展报告》中收集的关于各国应对艾滋病毒的25项核心指标的数据。本文根据国际政治考量和总体数据需求，对这些数据进行了批判性审查和解读。
回复率有了显著提高，同时数据质量和完整性也有所提升。在国内和国际上，UNGASS进程被视为比向联合国大会提交报告的工作更为充实和重要。该进程推动了国家监测系统的发展，并为民间社会监测和质疑政府承诺及行动创造了机会。
尽管UNGASS全球报告系统目前包含了从广泛国家收集的关于艾滋病毒应对措施的极为丰富的数据，但它仍无法回答关于这些应对措施的进展和有效性的几个关键问题。需要开展超越指标监测的评估研究，但设计、资助、实施和解读这些研究需要时间。与此同时，这一全球监测系统很好地表明了全球应对艾滋病毒的总体进展情况，以及到2015年是否有可能实现千年发展目标6（遏制并扭转艾滋病毒的流行）。
