Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, University of Osnabrueck, Germany.
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2010 Feb;83(2):165-71. doi: 10.1007/s00420-009-0480-z.
Two hundred and fifteen hairdressers suffering from occupational skin diseases (OSD) have attended a 6-month combined dermatological and educational prevention program with an education and counseling scheme as well as an intervention in the respective hairdressers' shops. The aim of this program, conducted from 1994 to 1997, was to enable the affected hairdressers to remain at work without suffering from major OSD.
To assess the sustainability of this interdisciplinary medical and educational training program, the intervention group (IG, N = 215) and a control group (CG, hairdressers with OSD who solely received dermatological treatment, N = 85) were followed up 9 month and 5 years after their individual project participation by a standardized questionnaire. A subcohort of the intervention group (IG(1994), participants in 1994, N = 62) was followed up again 10 years after their participation.
The follow-up survey 9 months after the beginning of the program (response rate: IG: N = 163, 75.8%; CG: N = 80, 94.1%) showed that 71.8% (N = 117) of the intervention group could remain in work as opposed to 60.0% (N = 48) in the control group. In the intervention group 14.7% gave up work due to OSD versus 22.5% in the control group (no statistically significant effect). In the 5-year follow-up (response rate: IG: N = 172, 80%; CG: N = 55, 64.7%) 58.7% (N = 101) of the IG remained at work versus 29.1% (N = 16) of the CG. In the IG 12.8% had stopped work because of OSD versus 27.3% in the CG (p < 0.001, Cramer's V = 0.26). Ten years after intervention, the follow-up showed a stabilization of the effects shown by the 5-year follow-up results. In addition to the criteria 'remaining' or 'not remaining at work' the results show that our interdisciplinary intervention program led to an increased and sustained knowledge on OSD and more adequate prevention at the work place in the IG. The results confirm that interdisciplinary training can be successful in effecting self-protection against workplace hazards by using positive approaches that include the learning of "safe" behavior and insuring transferability to real workplace settings ("empowerment"). Combined preventive measures as studied in this program have recently become the standard offered by different statutory accident liability insurances for patients in different wet work occupations with OSD in Germany.
1994 年至 1997 年间，215 名患有职业性皮肤病（OSD）的美发师参加了为期 6 个月的皮肤科联合教育预防计划，该计划包括教育和咨询计划以及对各自美发师店铺的干预。该计划的目的是使受影响的美发师能够继续工作，而不会患上严重的 OSD。
为了评估这种跨学科医学和教育培训计划的可持续性，对干预组（IG，N=215）和对照组（CG，仅接受皮肤科治疗的患有 OSD 的美发师，N=85）进行了随访。通过标准化问卷，在项目参与后 9 个月和 5 年后进行。干预组的一个亚组（IG（1994），1994 年的参与者，N=62）在参与后 10 年再次进行了随访。
计划开始后 9 个月的随访调查（应答率：IG：N=163，75.8%；CG：N=80，94.1%）显示，71.8%（N=117）的干预组能够继续工作，而对照组为 60.0%（N=48）。在干预组中，因 OSD 而放弃工作的有 14.7%，而对照组为 22.5%（无统计学意义）。在 5 年的随访中（应答率：IG：N=172，80%；CG：N=55，64.7%），IG 中有 58.7%（N=101）继续工作，而 CG 中只有 29.1%（N=16）。在 IG 中，因 OSD 而停止工作的有 12.8%，而 CG 中则有 27.3%（p<0.001，Cramer's V=0.26）。干预 10 年后的随访显示，5 年随访结果的效果趋于稳定。除了“继续”或“不继续工作”的标准外，结果还表明，我们的跨学科干预计划提高了 IG 对 OSD 的持续知识，并在工作场所采取了更适当的预防措施。结果证实，跨学科培训可以通过采用包括学习“安全”行为和确保可转移到实际工作场所环境（“赋权”）在内的积极方法，成功地实现对工作场所危害的自我保护。在德国，不同法定事故责任保险机构最近为不同湿工作职业的患有 OSD 的患者提供了这种联合预防措施。
