Markowitz Kenneth
Department of Oral Biology, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA.
J Clin Dent. 2009;20(5):145-51.
Many patients complain of teeth that are painful when exposed to a variety of harmless thermal and tactile stimuli. Sensitive tooth necks and root surfaces frequently are the unintentional by-products of aggressive oral hygiene practices and periodontal treatment. Dentists and the afflicted patients have resorted to many remedies for this common form of dental pain. In the past, many of these purported treatments were based on a fragmentary knowledge of the anatomic substrate and physiological processes underlying dentin sensitivity. Much progress has been made identifying dentin permeability and intradental nerve excitability as physiological parameters that can be modified by desensitizing agents. In this paper, rather than provide a comprehensive or critical review of desensitizing treatment, I will discuss the rationale and some of the history behind two early and popular classes of dentifrice-applied desensitizing agents; strontium and potassium salts.
许多患者抱怨牙齿在受到各种无害的热刺激和触觉刺激时会疼痛。敏感的牙颈部和牙根表面常常是过度口腔卫生措施和牙周治疗无意产生的副产品。牙医和患病患者针对这种常见的牙痛形式采取了许多治疗方法。过去，许多所谓的治疗方法是基于对牙本质敏感所涉及的解剖学基础和生理过程的片面了解。在确定牙本质渗透性和牙内神经兴奋性作为可通过脱敏剂改变的生理参数方面已经取得了很大进展。在本文中，我不会对脱敏治疗进行全面或批判性的综述，而是会讨论两类早期流行的牙膏用脱敏剂（锶盐和钾盐）背后的原理和一些历史。
