Department of Applied Environmental Science (ITM), Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
Environ Pollut. 2010 Mar;158(3):681-7. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2009.10.024. Epub 2009 Nov 12.
Leachates of anti-fouling paints for use on ships and leisure boats are examined for their ecotoxicological potential. Paint leachates were produced in both 7 per thousand artificial (ASW) and natural seawater (NSW) and tested on three organisms, the bacterium Vibrio fischeri, the macroalga Ceramium tenuicorne, and the crustacean Nitocra spinipes. Generally, leaching in ASW produced a more toxic leachate and was up to 12 times more toxic to the organisms than was the corresponding NSW leachate. The toxicity could be explained by elevated concentrations of Cu and Zn in the ASW leachates. Of the NSW leachates, those from the ship paints were more toxic than those from leisure boat paints. The most toxic paint was the biocide-free leisure boat paint Micron Eco. This implies that substances other than added active agents (biocides) were responsible for the observed toxicity, which would not have been discovered without the use of biological tests.
船舶和休闲船用防污漆的浸出物被检测其生态毒性潜能。在人工海水（ASW）和天然海水（NSW）中均制备了漆浸出物，并在三种生物上进行了测试，即细菌发光杆菌、大型海藻角叉菜和甲壳类动物斯氏新糠虾。通常，ASW 中的浸出物产生毒性更强的浸出液，对生物的毒性比相应的 NSW 浸出液高 12 倍。毒性可以用 ASW 浸出液中 Cu 和 Zn 的浓度升高来解释。在 NSW 浸出液中，来自船舶漆的浸出液比来自休闲船漆的浸出液毒性更大。毒性最强的漆是无杀菌剂的休闲船漆 Micron Eco。这意味着，除了添加的活性物质（杀菌剂）外，其他物质也是导致观察到的毒性的原因，如果不使用生物测试，这些物质是不会被发现的。
