Cruz Fabricio Araújo Gonçalves, Pereira Cid, Dos Santos Fernandez Marcos Antônio, Filho Aricelso Maia Limaverde, da Silva Tiago Lima
Federal University of Rio de JaneiroUFRJ-Macaé-Multidisciplinary Institute of ChemistryAv. Aluizio da Silva Gomes, Multidisciplinary Center50-Granja Dos Cavaleiros, Macaé, RJ, 27930-560, Brazil.
Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia Marinha, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade Do Estado Do Río de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier 524, edifício João Lyra Filho, Sala 524E, Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro-RJ, Brasil, 20550-013.
Anal Sci. 2024 Oct;40(10):1843-1855. doi: 10.1007/s44211-024-00620-9. Epub 2024 Jun 22.
Organotin compounds (OTC), mainly tributyltin (TBT), have been used since the 1970s as biocides in the composition of antifouling paints. Due to its physical-chemical characteristics, TBT has high toxicity to the marine environment affecting non-target organisms. The present study aims to develop a method of direct visual identification of TBT in antifouling paints using the cyclopalladate complex, 4- (2-thiazolylazo) resorcinol (TAR-Pd), synthesized in our laboratory. Tests were performed in blank and in the paint matrix with the following OTC: TBT-O; TBT-Cl; TPT-Cl; DBT-Cl (tributyltin oxide, tributyltin chloride, triphenyltin chloride, dibutyltin chloride), in addition to the SnCl and SnCl compounds (tin IV chloride and tin II chloride), all at a concentration of approximately 20 g/ kg of dry paint). The test was performed by applying paint samples to test bodies and scraping a few tens of milligrams of the dry paint film. The scraped paint samples were submitted to the test, showing a different staining reaction for the TBT-Cl and SnCl samples concerning blank and other samples (TBT-O, TPT, DBT-Cl, and SnCl). Solution tests were performed to characterize reaction products by spectroscopy in the visible band. The method developed has potential for application in real samples, being selective for TBT-Cl and SnCl in an acid medium, obtaining a limit of detection, in the range of 1-10 mg/kg dry paint.
有机锡化合物（OTC），主要是三丁基锡（TBT），自20世纪70年代以来一直被用作防污涂料中的杀生剂。由于其物理化学特性，TBT对海洋环境具有高毒性，会影响非目标生物。本研究旨在开发一种使用在我们实验室合成的环钯配合物4-（2-噻唑基偶氮）间苯二酚（TAR-Pd）直接目视鉴定防污涂料中TBT的方法。除了SnCl₄和SnCl₂化合物（四氯化锡和二氯化锡）外，还对空白和涂料基质中的以下OTC进行了测试：TBT-O；TBT-Cl；TPT-Cl；DBT-Cl（氧化三丁基锡、三丁基氯化锡、三苯基氯化锡、二丁基氯化锡），所有浓度均约为20 g/kg干涂料）。测试通过将涂料样品涂覆在测试体上并刮下几十毫克干漆膜来进行。刮下的涂料样品进行测试，结果表明TBT-Cl和SnCl₂样品相对于空白和其他样品（TBT-O、TPT-Cl、DBT-Cl和SnCl）呈现出不同的染色反应。进行了溶液测试，以通过可见波段的光谱对反应产物进行表征。所开发的方法具有应用于实际样品的潜力，在酸性介质中对TBT-Cl和SnCl₂具有选择性，检测限在1-10 mg/kg干涂料范围内。
