Department of Drug Discovery Science, Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences, Kitasato University, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan.
Phytochemistry. 2010 Feb;71(2-3):280-93. doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2009.10.001. Epub 2009 Nov 13.
Thirteen polysaccharides isolated from an extract of the aerial portions of Astragalus mongholics Bunge demonstrated immunomodulating activity against Peyer's patch immunocompetent cells. Nine of the active polysaccharide fractions were composed of either arabinogalactans, pectic arabinogalactans or pectins. The activities of the arabinogalactans and pectic arabinogalactans were associated with beta-D-(1-->3)-galactan moieties branched with beta-D-(1-->6)-galactooligosaccharide side-chains having degrees of polymerization of 8 or less. Degradation of the beta-D-(1-->3)-galactan or beta-D-(1-->6)-galactosyl side-chains in the arabinogalactans significantly decreased immunomodulating activity. Rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) with beta-D-(1-->3,6)-galactosyl side-chains having terminal beta-D-GlcA showed activity in the pectin-enriched fractions. Interestingly, the terminal GlcA was not required for activity of the arabinogalactan-enriched fractions, suggesting at least two different immunomodulating structures.
从蒙古黄芪地上部分提取物中分离得到的 13 种多糖对派伊尔斑免疫活性细胞具有免疫调节活性。其中 9 种活性多糖部分由阿拉伯半乳聚糖、果胶阿拉伯半乳聚糖或果胶组成。阿拉伯半乳聚糖和果胶阿拉伯半乳聚糖的活性与β-D-(1-->3)-半乳糖基部分分支的β-D-(1-->6)-半乳糖低聚糖侧链有关，聚合度为 8 或更低。阿拉伯半乳聚糖中β-D-(1-->3)-半乳糖或β-D-(1-->6)-半乳糖基侧链的降解显著降低了免疫调节活性。富含果胶的部分中具有末端β-D-GlcA 的β-D-(1-->3,6)-半乳糖基侧链的鼠李半乳糖醛酸聚糖 I (RG-I) 具有活性。有趣的是，阿拉伯半乳聚糖富含部分的活性不需要末端 GlcA，这表明至少有两种不同的免疫调节结构。
