Salmela Marja, Salanterä Sanna, Aronen Eeva
Helsinki Metropolia University of Applied Sciences, Health Care and Social Services, Degree Programme Nursing, Helsinki, Finland.
Pediatr Nurs. 2009 Sep-Oct;35(5):269-76, 303.
The aim of this study was to describe hospital-related fears of 4 to 6-year-old children. Data were collected by interviewing 4 to 6-year-old children (N=90) in Finland, who were chosen through purposive sampling in which volunteers were asked to take part in the study. Data were gathered by semi-structured interview, supported by pictures, and reviewed by quantitative and qualitative methods. Results revealed that more than 90% of children said they were afraid of at least one thing in a hospital. Most fears were categorized by nursing interventions, fears of being a patient, and fears caused by the developmental stage of the child. Children also expressed fears caused by the unfamiliar environment or lack of information, child-staff relations, and the physical, social, and symbolic environment. The main result was that hospital care increased the amount of fears in 4 to 6-year-old children. The information is useful in preventing, identifying, and alleviating the hospital fear of healthy or sick children.
本研究的目的是描述4至6岁儿童对医院相关事物的恐惧。通过对芬兰4至6岁儿童（N = 90）进行访谈收集数据，这些儿童是通过目的抽样选取的，即邀请志愿者参与研究。数据通过半结构化访谈收集，并辅以图片，采用定量和定性方法进行分析。结果显示，超过90%的儿童表示他们至少害怕医院里的一件事。大多数恐惧可归类为护理干预、对成为患者的恐惧以及由儿童发育阶段引起的恐惧。儿童还表达了因环境陌生或信息不足、儿童与工作人员的关系以及物理、社会和象征环境而产生的恐惧。主要结果是医院护理增加了4至6岁儿童的恐惧程度。这些信息有助于预防、识别和减轻健康或患病儿童对医院的恐惧。
