Reichelt K L, Knivsberg A M
Department of Pediatric Research, Rikshospitalet Medical Centre, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Ann Clin Psychiatry. 2009 Oct-Dec;21(4):205-11.
We have shown that urine peptide increase is found in autism, and that some of these peptides have a dietary origin. To be explanatory for the disease process, a dietary effect on the brain must be shown to be possible and probable.
Diagnosis was based on DSM-III and DSM-IV criteria. We ran first morning urine samples equivalent to 250 nm creatinine on high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) reversed phase C18 columns using trifluoroacetic acid acetonitrile gradients. The elution patterns were registered using 215 nm absorption for largely peptide bonds, 280 nm for aromatic groups, and 325 nm for indolyl components. We referred to a series of published ability tests, including Raven's Progressive Matrices and the Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Ability, which were administered before and after dietary intervention. The literature was also reviewed to find evidence of a gut-to-brain connection.
In autistic syndromes, we can show marked increases in UV 215-absorbing material eluting after hippuric acid that are mostly peptides. We also show highly significant decreases after introducing a gluten- and casein-free diet with a duration of more than 1 year. We refer to previously published studies showing improvement in children on this diet who were followed for 4 years and a pairwise matched, randomly assigned study with highly significant changes. The literature shows abundant data pointing to the importance of a gut-to-brain connection.
An effect of diet on excreted compounds and behavior has been found. A gut-to-brain axis is both possible and probable.
我们已经表明，在自闭症患者中发现尿液肽增加，并且其中一些肽来源于饮食。为了解释疾病过程，必须证明饮食对大脑的影响是可能的且很有可能的。
诊断基于《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版（DSM-III）和第四版（DSM-IV）标准。我们使用三氟乙酸乙腈梯度，在反相C18高效液相色谱（HPLC）柱上对相当于250纳米肌酐的首次晨尿样本进行分析。使用215纳米吸收（主要针对肽键）、280纳米吸收（针对芳香族基团）和325纳米吸收（针对吲哚成分）来记录洗脱模式。我们参考了一系列已发表的能力测试，包括瑞文渐进性矩阵测试和伊利诺伊心理语言能力测试，这些测试在饮食干预前后进行。我们还查阅了文献以寻找肠道与大脑联系的证据。
在自闭症谱系障碍中，我们可以显示在马尿酸之后洗脱的紫外线215吸收物质（大多为肽）有显著增加。我们还显示，在采用无麸质和无酪蛋白饮食超过1年后，这些物质有极显著减少。我们参考了之前发表的研究，这些研究表明采用这种饮食的儿童在随访4年后有所改善，以及一项配对匹配、随机分配的研究，该研究有极显著变化。文献显示有大量数据表明肠道与大脑联系的重要性。
已发现饮食对排泄化合物和行为有影响。肠道与大脑轴是可能的且很有可能的。
