Medical Sciences Building-F506, 185 South Orange Ave, Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07101-1709, USA.
Hypertension. 2010 Jan;55(1):40-7. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.109.139477. Epub 2009 Nov 16.
Sex differences in systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels and trends with age have been consistently observed in both industrialized and unindustrialized populations. However, the impact of sex on pulse pressure, an index of vascular aging, in unindustrialized populations has not been addressed. The objective of this report was to characterize sex differences in aging trends of pulse pressure within unindustrialized populations. Using PubMed and Medline, we identified 60 articles with blood pressure data from unacculturated or partially acculturated populations. Data on 27 populations from 22 articles were included for analysis, on the basis of adequate description of study design and blood pressure measurement. Blood pressure means of adult age groups were modeled by linear and polynomial regression. The pulse pressure levels of women were lower than those of men in early adulthood and higher in older ages. Women had a steeper, steady increase in pulse pressure with age than men (P<0.001), whereas men had a stronger curvilinear upswing in pulse pressure with age (P=0.006). Partially acculturated populations had higher pulse pressures than unacculturated populations. Sex had a stronger effect on pulse pressure than acculturation. Pulse pressure trajectories of unindustrialized populations were slightly attenuated compared with those seen in National Health and Nutritional Examination Surveys III and IV of the US population. A sex effect on pulse pressure trends with age prevails across unacculturated and acculturated populations. Accordingly, the biological principles of arterial aging, as expressed in pulse pressure, are the same in all humans, regardless of demography.
在工业化和非工业化人群中，均观察到收缩压和舒张压水平以及随年龄变化的趋势存在性别差异。然而，在非工业化人群中，性别对脉压（血管老化的一个指标）的影响尚未得到解决。本报告的目的是描述非工业化人群中脉压老化趋势的性别差异。我们使用 PubMed 和 Medline 数据库，确定了 60 篇涉及非文化或部分文化人群血压数据的文章。根据研究设计和血压测量的充分描述，有 22 篇文章中的 27 个人群的数据被纳入分析。通过线性和多项式回归对成年年龄组的血压均值进行建模。在成年早期，女性的脉压水平低于男性，而在老年时则高于男性。女性的脉压随年龄呈陡峭、稳定的增加（P<0.001），而男性的脉压随年龄呈更强的曲线上升（P=0.006）。部分文化人群的脉压高于非文化人群。性别对脉压的影响大于文化程度。与美国国家健康和营养调查 III 和 IV 中的数据相比，非工业化人群的脉压轨迹略有减弱。性别对脉压随年龄变化的趋势有影响，这在非文化和文化人群中均存在。因此，动脉老化的生物学原则，如脉压所表达的，在所有人类中都是相同的，无论其人口统计学特征如何。
