Harvard Medical School and Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2010 May;31(5):787-802. doi: 10.3174/ajnr.A1832. Epub 2009 Nov 19.
While back pain presents less frequently in children than in adults, it still poses a significant clinical challenge with respect to making a firm diagnosis and developing an effective treatment plan. When children have back pain and medical attention is sought, an underlying pathology is usually suspected. Pediatric patients are evaluated, first, with a complete clinical history and examination and, second, by an imaging work-up that is based on initial findings, including the child's age and size, signs and symptoms, and suspected etiology. This article describes 1) the epidemiology of back pain in children, 2) the imaging work-up used, and 3) the correlation of imaging findings with disease entities that may cause back pain in the pediatric patient. The list of diseases giving rise to back pain is not meant to be exhaustive but rather reflective of the most commonly identified pathologies and disorders among young children and adolescents, from athletic injuries to lethal cancers.
虽然儿童腰痛的发病率低于成年人，但在明确诊断和制定有效治疗方案方面仍具有重要的临床意义。当儿童出现腰痛并寻求医疗关注时，通常会怀疑存在潜在的病理问题。儿科患者首先通过完整的临床病史和检查进行评估，其次根据初始发现进行影像学检查，包括儿童的年龄和体型、体征和症状以及疑似病因。本文介绍了 1）儿童腰痛的流行病学，2）使用的影像学检查方法，以及 3）影像学表现与可能导致儿童腰痛的疾病实体之间的相关性。引起腰痛的疾病列表并非详尽无遗，而是反映了在婴幼儿中最常见的病理问题和疾病，从运动损伤到致命癌症。
