Department of Psychology, Brock University, 500 Glenridge Ave. St, Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada.
Psychol Res. 2010 Sep;74(5):457-67. doi: 10.1007/s00426-009-0265-8. Epub 2009 Nov 25.
Participants have difficulty in reporting the second of two masked targets if the second target is presented within 500 ms of the first target-an attentional blink (AB). Individual participants differ in the magnitude of their AB. The present study employed an individual differences design and two visual working memory tasks to examine whether visual working memory capacity and/or the ability to exclude irrelevant information from visual working memory (working memory filtering efficiency) could predict individual differences in the AB. Visual working memory capacity was positively related to filtering efficiency, but did not predict AB magnitude. However, the degree to which irrelevant stimuli were admitted into visual working memory (i.e., poor filtering efficiency) was positively correlated with AB magnitude over and above visual working memory capacity. Good filtering efficiency may benefit the AB by not allowing irrelevant RSVP distractors to gain access to working memory.
参与者在报告两个掩蔽目标中的第二个目标时会遇到困难，如果第二个目标在第一个目标出现后 500 毫秒内出现——这就是注意瞬脱（AB）。个体参与者在 AB 的幅度上存在差异。本研究采用个体差异设计和两个视觉工作记忆任务，来检验视觉工作记忆容量和/或从视觉工作记忆中排除无关信息的能力（工作记忆过滤效率）是否可以预测 AB 的个体差异。视觉工作记忆容量与过滤效率呈正相关，但不能预测 AB 的幅度。然而，无关刺激进入视觉工作记忆的程度（即过滤效率差）与 AB 的幅度呈正相关，而与视觉工作记忆容量无关。良好的过滤效率可能会通过不让无关的 RSVP 分心物进入工作记忆，从而有利于 AB。
