Lehrer S B, Horner W E, Menon P, Stankus R P
Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, La. 70112.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1991 Feb;87(2):574-80. doi: 10.1016/0091-6749(91)90017-i.
Previous studies have established cockroach allergens as important sensitizing agents in the induction/exacerbation of urban asthma. The present investigation compared saline extracts of American cockroach (Periplaneta americana) whole bodies and feces and German cockroach (Blattella germanica) whole bodies and feces as important sources of allergens. All extracts were tested before or after gel filtration on Sephadex G-75 columns (fraction 2) as previously described. Skin test studies of 69 subjects with asthma with extracts of American or German cockroaches demonstrated a significant correlation of reactivity to whole body and fecal extracts for both species. Direct RASTs of 13 sera from cockroach skin test-positive subjects were generally greater to both German whole body extracts (GWBEs) and German fecal extracts (GFEs) as compared to American whole body and fecal extracts. There was a good correlation of RAST reactivity to GWBE with GFE. RAST inhibition demonstrated that GFE contained most of the allergenic activity present in GWBE. These studies demonstrate the allergenic similarities of cockroach whole body and fecal extracts and suggest that cockroach feces are an important sensitizing agent in atopic asthma.
以往的研究已证实蟑螂过敏原是诱发/加重城市哮喘的重要致敏原。本研究比较了美洲大蠊（Periplaneta americana）全体及粪便的盐水提取物与德国小蠊（Blattella germanica）全体及粪便的盐水提取物，以确定它们作为重要过敏原来源的情况。所有提取物均如前所述在Sephadex G - 75柱上进行凝胶过滤之前或之后进行测试。对69名哮喘患者用美洲或德国蟑螂提取物进行的皮肤试验研究表明，两种蟑螂的全体提取物和粪便提取物的反应性之间存在显著相关性。与美洲蟑螂全体及粪便提取物相比，对13名蟑螂皮肤试验阳性受试者血清进行的直接放射变应原吸附试验（RAST）通常显示对德国蟑螂全体提取物（GWBEs）和德国蟑螂粪便提取物（GFEs）的反应更强。RAST反应性与GWBE和GFE之间存在良好的相关性。RAST抑制试验表明，GFE含有GWBE中存在的大部分变应原活性。这些研究证明了蟑螂全体提取物和粪便提取物的变应原相似性，并表明蟑螂粪便在特应性哮喘中是一种重要的致敏原。
