Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2009 Dec;20(12):1597-607. doi: 10.1016/j.jvir.2009.08.018.
To determine the arterial distribution pattern of the embolic agent Embozene within the porcine kidney and compare it with those of other spherical embolic agents.
Embozene, Embosphere, Bead Block, and Contour SE in size classes of 100-300 microm, 500-700 microm, and 700-900 microm and Embozene and Embosphere in the size class of 40-120 microm were used for total arterial occlusion in minipig kidneys. Organs were evaluated microscopically regarding vascular distribution of the different embolic agents and particle sizes.
The following variations of arterial distribution were identified. In the 40-120-microm size class, Embosphere particles penetrated significantly deeper compared with Embozene (P = .04). In the 100-300-microm size class, Bead Block showed a significantly deeper distribution as microscopy identified particles in arteries much smaller than their nominal size. In the 500-700-microm size class, Embosphere and Contour SE showed a deeper distribution. The most uniform arterial distribution was observed in the 700-900 microm size class,. However, few Embosphere and Contour SE particles were found in arcuate arteries, also indicating a distal distribution.
Throughout the four most-used size classes, from very small (40-120 microm) to large (700-900 microm), the distribution characteristics of the four tested materials vary substantially. Particularly, small Embosphere particles and small Bead Block particles showed a more distal distribution, as did medium-sized Embosphere and Contour SE particles. In the largest investigated size class, the distribution was more uniform. In general, the Embozene particles are very uniform in size, and they seem to reach vessels closely corresponding to their nominal size.
确定 Embozene 栓塞剂在猪肾内的动脉分布模式，并将其与其他球形栓塞剂进行比较。
在小型猪肾脏中，使用 Embozene、Embosphere、Bead Block 和 Contour SE 的 100-300μm、500-700μm 和 700-900μm 粒径以及 40-120μm 的 Embozene 和 Embosphere 粒径进行总动脉闭塞。使用显微镜评估不同栓塞剂和粒径的血管分布情况。
确定了以下动脉分布的变化。在 40-120μm 粒径范围内，与 Embozene 相比，Embosphere 颗粒渗透得更深（P =.04）。在 100-300μm 粒径范围内，Bead Block 的分布明显更深，因为显微镜下识别的颗粒比其标称尺寸小很多。在 500-700μm 粒径范围内，Embosphere 和 Contour SE 的分布更深。在 700-900μm 粒径范围内观察到最均匀的动脉分布，但在弓形动脉中发现的 Embosphere 和 Contour SE 颗粒很少，这也表明分布更靠远端。
在四个最常用的粒径范围内，从小的（40-120μm）到大的（700-900μm），四种测试材料的分布特征有很大差异。特别是，小的 Embosphere 颗粒和小的 Bead Block 颗粒分布更靠远端，中等大小的 Embosphere 和 Contour SE 颗粒也是如此。在最大的研究粒径范围内，分布更均匀。一般来说，Embozene 颗粒的尺寸非常均匀，它们似乎能够到达与其标称尺寸非常接近的血管。
