Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Zaans Medisch Centrum, PO Box 210, 1500 EE Zaandam, The Netherlands.
Hum Reprod. 2010 Feb;25(2):443-9. doi: 10.1093/humrep/dep410. Epub 2009 Nov 27.
Surrogacy was prohibited in the Netherlands until 1994, at which time the Dutch law was changed from the general prohibition of surrogacy to the prohibition of commercial surrogacy. This paper describes the results from the first and only Dutch Centre for Non-commercial IVF Surrogacy between 1997 and 2004.
A prospective study was conducted of all intended parents, and surrogate mothers and their partners (if present), in which medical, psychological and legal aspects of patient selection were assessed by questionnaires and interviews developed for this study.
More than 500 couples enquired about surrogacy by telephone or e-mail. More than 200 couples applied for surrogacy in the Centre, of which, after extensive screening, 35 couples actually entered the IVF programme and 24 completed the treatment, resulting in 16 children being born to 13 women. Recommendations for non-commercial surrogacy are given, including abandoning the 1-year waiting period before adoption, currently dictated by law, avoiding a period of unnecessary psychological distress.
Our study has shown that non-commercial IVF surrogacy is feasible, with good results in terms of pregnancy outcome and psychological outcome for all parents, and with no legal problems relating to the adoption procedures arising. The extensive screening of medical, psychological and legal aspects was a key element in helping to ensure the safety and success of the procedure.
在 1994 年之前，代孕在荷兰是被禁止的，当时荷兰法律从全面禁止代孕改为禁止商业代孕。本文描述了 1997 年至 2004 年期间，荷兰唯一的非商业性体外受精代孕中心的研究结果。
对所有有意向的父母、代孕母亲及其伴侣（如果存在）进行了前瞻性研究，通过为此项研究开发的问卷和访谈评估了患者选择的医学、心理和法律方面。
有 500 多对夫妇通过电话或电子邮件咨询代孕事宜。有 200 多对夫妇向该中心申请代孕，经过广泛筛选，35 对夫妇实际进入了试管婴儿计划，24 对夫妇完成了治疗，导致 13 名妇女分娩了 16 个孩子。提出了非商业性代孕的建议，包括放弃目前法律规定的 1 年收养等待期，避免不必要的心理困扰期。
我们的研究表明，非商业性 IVF 代孕是可行的，在妊娠结局和所有父母的心理结局方面都取得了良好的结果，而且在收养程序方面没有出现任何法律问题。对医学、心理和法律方面的广泛筛选是帮助确保程序安全和成功的关键因素。
