House of Competence, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76187 Karlsruhe, Germany.
Psychol Assess. 2009 Dec;21(4):463-75. doi: 10.1037/a0017075.
In this review, we discuss ecological momentary assessment (EMA) studies on mood disorders and mood dysregulation, illustrating 6 major benefits of the EMA approach to clinical assessment: (a) Real-time assessments increase accuracy and minimize retrospective bias; (b) repeated assessments can reveal dynamic processes; (c) multimodal assessments can integrate psychological, physiological, and behavioral data; (d) setting- or context-specific relationships of symptoms or behaviors can be identified; (e) interactive feedback can be provided in real time; and (f) assessments in real-life situations enhance generalizability. In the context of mood disorders and mood dysregulation, we demonstrate that EMA can address specific research questions better than laboratory or questionnaire studies. However, before clinicians and researchers can fully realize these benefits, sets of standardized e-diary questionnaires and time sampling protocols must be developed that are reliable, valid, and sensitive to change.
在这篇综述中，我们讨论了心境障碍和情绪失调的生态瞬时评估（EMA）研究，说明了 EMA 方法在临床评估中的 6 大主要优势：（a）实时评估提高了准确性并最小化了回溯偏差；（b）重复评估可以揭示动态过程；（c）多模态评估可以整合心理、生理和行为数据；（d）可以识别症状或行为的特定情境或环境关系；（e）可以实时提供交互反馈；（f）现实生活情境中的评估提高了普遍性。在心境障碍和情绪失调的背景下，我们证明 EMA 可以比实验室或问卷研究更好地解决具体的研究问题。然而，在临床医生和研究人员能够充分利用这些优势之前，必须开发出一套可靠、有效且对变化敏感的标准化电子日记问卷和时间采样协议。
