Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, 650 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
J Dent Res. 2010 Jan;89(1):19-28. doi: 10.1177/0022034509351969.
This article reviews recent studies on: (1) the synthesis of novel calcium phosphate and calcium fluoride nanoparticles and their incorporation into dental resins to develop nanocomposites; (2) the effects of key microstructural parameters on Ca, PO(4), and F ion release from nanocomposites, including the effects of nanofiller volume fraction, particle size, and silanization; and (3) mechanical properties of nanocomposites, including water-aging effects, flexural strength, fracture toughness, and three-body wear. This article demonstrates that a major advantage of using the new nanoparticles is that high levels of Ca, PO(4), and F release can be achieved at low filler levels in the resin, because of the high surface areas of the nanoparticles. This leaves room in the resin for substantial reinforcement fillers. The combination of releasing nanofillers with stable and strong reinforcing fillers is promising to yield a nanocomposite with both stress-bearing and caries-inhibiting capabilities, a combination not yet available in current materials.
（1）新型磷酸钙和氟化钙纳米粒子的合成及其在牙科树脂中的掺入以开发纳米复合材料；（2）关键微观结构参数对纳米复合材料中 Ca、PO4 和 F 离子释放的影响，包括纳米填料体积分数、粒径和硅烷化的影响；（3）纳米复合材料的机械性能，包括水老化效应、弯曲强度、断裂韧性和三体磨损。本文表明，使用新型纳米粒子的主要优势在于，由于纳米粒子的高表面积，可以在树脂中的低填料水平下实现高的 Ca、PO4 和 F 释放。这为树脂中的大量增强填料留出了空间。释放纳米填料与稳定且强力的增强填料相结合，有望获得一种具有承载应力和抑制龋齿能力的纳米复合材料，这是目前材料尚未具备的组合。
