Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands.
FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2010 Mar;71(3):428-43. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2009.00813.x. Epub 2009 Nov 11.
The phylogenetic diversity of Bacteria and Archaea in water retrieved from a Dutch oil field and units of the associated oil-water separation site were determined using two culture-independent methods. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene fragments was used to scan the microbial diversity in (1) the oil-water emulsion produced, (2) two different oil-water separator tanks, (3) a wash tank and (4) a water injector. Longer 16S rRNA gene fragments were amplified, cloned and sequenced to determine the diversity in more detail. One of the questions addressed was whether the detected microorganisms could serve as indicators for the environments from which they were retrieved. It was observed that the community found in the production water resembled those reported previously in oil reservoirs, indicating that these ecosystems harbor specific microbial communities. It was shown that changes, like a decrease in temperature, cause a distinctive shift in these communities. The addition of SO(3)(2-) to the wash tank as ammonium bisulphite, used in the oil industry to scavenge oxygen, resulted in a complete community change, giving rise to an unwanted sulphate-reducing community. The fact that these changes in the community can be linked to changes in their environment might indicate that these tools can be used for the monitoring of changing conditions in oil reservoirs upon, for example, water flooding.
采用两种非培养依赖的方法，对从荷兰油田和相关油水分离单元中提取的水样中的细菌和古菌的系统发生多样性进行了测定。利用 PCR 扩增的 16S rRNA 基因片段变性梯度凝胶电泳，扫描了（1）生成的油水乳化物、（2）两个不同的油水分离罐、（3）一个洗涤罐和（4）注水器中的微生物多样性。扩增、克隆和测序更长的 16S rRNA 基因片段，以更详细地确定多样性。其中一个问题是，所检测到的微生物是否可以作为其来源环境的指示物。结果表明，在生产水中发现的群落与以前在油藏中报告的群落相似，这表明这些生态系统蕴藏着特定的微生物群落。结果表明，温度等变化会导致这些群落发生明显的转变。向洗涤罐中添加亚硫酸氢铵（SO(3)(2-)）作为捕集氧气的物质，用于石油工业，导致群落发生完全改变，形成不受欢迎的硫酸盐还原群落。群落的这些变化与环境变化之间的联系表明，这些工具可用于监测例如注水时油藏中条件的变化。
