Department of Psychology, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA.
Arch Clin Neuropsychol. 2010 Feb;25(1):39-48. doi: 10.1093/arclin/acp092. Epub 2009 Dec 3.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients' self-reported cognitive difficulties do not typically correlate well with objective neuropsychological assessment. The relationship between self-reported memory, dissociation, emotional problems, and objective cognitive functioning was examined in 79 MS patients. Increased self-reported memory problems were significantly associated with higher levels of normative dissociation. Self-reported memory problems were also associated with more reports of depression, anxiety, and neuroticism. Consistent with expectations, self-reported memory was not significantly associated with performance on any of the neuropsychological variables. The present study then evaluated a theoretical causal model with normative dissociation mediating the relationship between emotional problems and perceived cognitive problems. Increased depression, anxiety, and neuroticism were all significantly correlated with more dissociative cognitive failures, which, in turn, were strongly associated with perceived memory problems. Findings have significant theoretical implications for understanding the relationship between perceived and objective cognitive difficulties. Findings are also clinically relevant and suggest that dissociative experiences should be evaluated when MS patients report memory problems.
多发性硬化症（MS）患者的自我报告认知困难通常与客观神经心理学评估相关性不佳。本研究对 79 名 MS 患者的自我报告记忆、分离、情绪问题和客观认知功能之间的关系进行了研究。自我报告的记忆问题增加与较高水平的规范分离显著相关。自我报告的记忆问题也与更多的抑郁、焦虑和神经质报告相关。与预期一致，自我报告的记忆与神经心理学变量中的任何一项表现均无显著相关性。本研究随后评估了一个理论因果模型，其中规范分离在情绪问题和感知认知问题之间起中介作用。抑郁、焦虑和神经质均与更多的分离性认知失败显著相关，而分离性认知失败又与感知记忆问题密切相关。研究结果对理解感知和客观认知困难之间的关系具有重要的理论意义。研究结果也具有临床意义，表明当 MS 患者报告记忆问题时，应评估分离体验。
