Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 2009 Dec;17(6):413-24. doi: 10.1037/a0017690.
High-trait hostility is associated with persistent cigarette smoking. To better understand mechanisms that may account for this association, we examined the effects of acute smoking abstinence and delayed versus immediate smoking reinstatement on responses to a social stressor among 48 low hostile (LH) and 48 high hostile (HH) smokers. Participants completed two laboratory sessions, one before which they had smoked ad lib and one before which they had abstained for the prior 12 hr. During each session, participants completed a stressful speaking task and then smoked immediately after the stressor or after a 15-min delay. The effect of immediate versus delayed smoking reinstatement on recovery in negative mood was significantly moderated by hostility. When reinstatement was delayed, HH participants showed significant increases in negative mood over time, whereas LH participants showed little change. When reinstatement was immediate, HH and LH smokers showed similar significant decreases in negative mood. Smoking abstinence did not moderate hostility effects. Cigarette smoking may prevent continuing increases in negative mood after social stress in HH smokers, which may partially explain their low rates of quitting.
高特质敌意与持续吸烟有关。为了更好地理解可能导致这种关联的机制，我们研究了急性戒烟和延迟与即时重新吸烟对 48 名低敌意（LH）和 48 名高敌意（HH）吸烟者对社会应激源反应的影响。参与者完成了两个实验室会议，一个是在他们自由吸烟之前，一个是在他们之前 12 小时戒烟之前。在每次会议中，参与者完成一项有压力的演讲任务，然后在应激源后或 15 分钟延迟后立即吸烟。即时与延迟重新吸烟对负面情绪恢复的影响因敌意而显著调节。当恢复延迟时，HH 参与者的负面情绪随时间显著增加，而 LH 参与者的变化很小。当恢复即时时，HH 和 LH 吸烟者的负面情绪都显著下降。戒烟没有调节敌意的影响。吸烟可能会阻止 HH 吸烟者在社交压力后负面情绪持续增加，这可能部分解释了他们戒烟率低的原因。
