Kahler Christopher W, Spillane Nichea S, Leventhal Adam M, Strong David R, Brown Richard A, Monti Peter M
Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University, USA.
Psychol Addict Behav. 2009 Mar;23(1):67-76. doi: 10.1037/a0012655.
Hostility is a multifaceted construct encompassing affective, behavioral, and cognitive aspects. There is preliminary evidence linking hostility to poorer outcomes in smoking cessation treatment; however, it is unclear which components of hostility are most important in cessation. In this study, the authors examined multiple aspects of trait hostility in 92 heavy social drinkers who were seeking smoking cessation treatment. Consistent with their hypothesis, the authors found that the cognitive component of hostility was most relevant to smoking cessation outcome. Specifically, those who expressed bitterness about their lives and tended to believe that they had poor luck and had gotten a raw deal out of life had poor smoking cessation outcomes. Cognitive measures of hostility also predicted greater nicotine withdrawal symptoms 1 week after quitting smoking. Other components of hostility including anger and both physical and verbal aggression did not significantly predict smoking outcome or nicotine withdrawal. Further examination of how a hostile worldview contributes to smoking cessation failure is warranted, as this facet of hostility may prove a valuable target for smoking cessation interventions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved).
敌意是一个多方面的概念，涵盖情感、行为和认知等方面。有初步证据表明，敌意与戒烟治疗效果较差有关；然而，尚不清楚敌意的哪些成分在戒烟中最为重要。在本研究中，作者对92名寻求戒烟治疗的重度社交饮酒者的特质敌意的多个方面进行了研究。与他们的假设一致，作者发现敌意的认知成分与戒烟结果最为相关。具体而言，那些对自己的生活表示痛苦、倾向于认为自己运气不佳且生活不如意的人，戒烟效果较差。敌意的认知测量还预测，戒烟1周后尼古丁戒断症状会更严重。敌意的其他成分，包括愤怒以及身体和言语攻击，均未显著预测吸烟结果或尼古丁戒断情况。有必要进一步研究敌对的世界观如何导致戒烟失败，因为敌意的这一方面可能被证明是戒烟干预的一个有价值的目标。（《心理学文摘数据库记录》（c）2009美国心理学会，保留所有权利）
