School of Psychology, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia.
Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 2009 Dec;17(6):425-33. doi: 10.1037/a0017796.
In this study, we investigated attentional biases for craving-related food cues. A pictorial dot probe task was used to assess selective attentional processing of one particular highly desired food, namely chocolate, relative to that of other highly desired foods. In Experiment 1, we examined biased processing of chocolate cues in habitual (trait) chocolate cravers, whereas in Experiment 2 we investigated the effect of experimentally induced (state) chocolate cravings on such processing. As predicted, habitual chocolate cravers (Experiment 1) and individuals in whom a craving for chocolate was temporarily induced (Experiment 2) showed speeded detection of probes replacing chocolate-related pictures, demonstrating an attentional bias for chocolate cues. Subsequent examination indicated that in both experiments the observed attentional biases stemmed from difficulty in disengaging attention from chocolate cues rather than from a shift of attention toward such cues. The findings have important theoretical and practical implications.
在这项研究中，我们调查了对与渴望相关的食物线索的注意力偏见。我们使用图片点探测任务来评估对特定高度渴望的食物（即巧克力）的选择性注意力处理，相对于其他高度渴望的食物。在实验 1 中，我们研究了习惯性（特质）巧克力渴望者对巧克力线索的偏向处理，而在实验 2 中，我们研究了实验诱导的（状态）巧克力渴望对这种处理的影响。正如预测的那样，习惯性巧克力渴望者（实验 1）和暂时产生巧克力渴望的个体（实验 2）对取代巧克力相关图片的探针的检测速度加快，这表明对巧克力线索存在注意力偏见。随后的检查表明，在这两个实验中，观察到的注意力偏见源自于从巧克力线索上转移注意力的困难，而不是注意力向这些线索的转移。这些发现具有重要的理论和实际意义。
