Locum Consultant in Public Health, NHS, Enfield, London, UK.
Health Soc Care Community. 2010 Mar;18(2):189-98. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2524.2009.00888.x. Epub 2009 Nov 30.
The increasing impetus to provide an effective response to childhood obesity has generated a corresponding concern that weight management interventions may lead to emotional problems among young people, notably in relation to the development of a negative body image. However, currently the processes and factors that contribute to the acquisition of body image among young people is poorly understood. Drawing on salutogenic theory, this paper employs an assets-based approach that focuses on health promoting and protective factors to identify how young people may create or sustain positive body images. Secondary data analysis was undertaken from the WHO Health Behaviour in School Aged Children Study. During the spring term of 2002, information was collected from 6425 English adolescents aged 11-15 using a self-administered questionnaire. The data were analysed using stepwise multinomial logistic regression to determine which factors were associated with positive body image; a total of 2898 students were included in the final analysis. Adolescents who self-identified as having a positive body image were more likely to report ease of talking with a father figure, feeling intelligent, perceiving that their family were well off and a belief that their teachers were interested in them as people. Body Mass Index, age, gender and living within a household containing a father were also significant predictors of body image. The discussion provides an exploration of how the construction of young people's emotional health is in part linked with the attainment of a secure and positive body image. The implications for health promotion and educational programmes are then examined. By considering the assets, which support or sustain a positive body image during adolescence, obesity prevention programmes could be better tailored to meet the needs of young people. In the future, a salutogenic curriculum might provide an alternative to unsustainable levels of deficit led, targeted programmes.
越来越多的人呼吁对儿童肥胖问题做出有效回应，这引发了人们的担忧，即体重管理干预措施可能会导致年轻人出现情绪问题，尤其是在与负面身体形象的发展有关的问题上。然而，目前人们对年轻人身体意象形成的过程和因素知之甚少。本研究借鉴健康促进理论，采用一种基于资产的方法，重点关注健康促进和保护因素，以确定年轻人如何创造或维持积极的身体形象。本研究对世界卫生组织 2002 年健康行为在学龄儿童研究中的二次数据进行了分析。在 2002 年春季学期，使用自我管理问卷收集了 6425 名 11-15 岁的英国青少年的信息。采用逐步多项逻辑回归分析来确定哪些因素与积极的身体形象有关；共有 2898 名学生被纳入最终分析。自我认同具有积极身体形象的青少年更有可能报告与父亲交谈容易、感觉聪明、认为家庭富裕、以及认为老师关心他们作为个人。体重指数、年龄、性别和生活在有父亲的家庭中也是身体形象的重要预测因素。讨论部分探讨了年轻人情感健康的构建在多大程度上与获得安全和积极的身体形象有关。然后研究了对健康促进和教育计划的影响。通过考虑在青春期支持或维持积极身体形象的资产，肥胖预防计划可以更好地满足年轻人的需求。在未来，健康促进课程可能为不可持续的以缺陷为导向、以目标为导向的课程提供替代方案。
