Chaikali Panagiota, Kontele Ioanna, Grammatikopoulou Maria G, Oikonomou Eleftheria, Sergentanis Theodoros N, Vassilakou Tonia
Department of Public Health Policy, School of Public Health, University of West Attica, 196 Alexandras Avenue, GR-11521 Athens, Greece.
Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, GR-41110 Larissa, Greece.
Children (Basel). 2023 Feb 15;10(2):379. doi: 10.3390/children10020379.
Adolescent classical ballet dancers are nutritionally vulnerable, as they try to retain a lean body shape during a life period of high nutritional requirements due to rapid growth. Studies conducted on adult dancers have indicated a high risk for the development of disordered eating behaviors (DEBs), but research on adolescent dancers remains scarce. The aim of the present case-control study was to compare the body composition, dietary habits, and DEBs of female adolescent classical ballet dancers and their non-dancer same-sex peers. Self-reported questionnaires, namely the Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26) and a 19-item Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), were used for the assessment of habitual diet and DEBs. The assessment of body composition included the measurements of body weight, height, body circumference, and skinfolds and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). The results indicate that the dancers were leaner than the controls, with lower weight, BMIs, and hip and arm circumferences, leaner skinfolds, and less fat mass. No differences were observed between the two groups regarding eating habits and the EAT-26 scores, but almost 1 out of 4 (23.3%) participants scored ≥ 20, indicative of DEBs. Participants with an EAT-26 score ≥ 20 had significantly higher body weight, BMIs, body circumferences, fat mass, and fat-free mass than those with a score < 20. Adolescents must be educated on nutrition and healthy methods to control body weight through evidence-based information and programs, and whenever appropriate, also through individual counseling by the appropriate health professionals.
青少年古典芭蕾舞舞者在营养方面较为脆弱，因为在快速生长导致营养需求高的生命阶段，她们试图保持苗条的体型。针对成年舞者的研究表明，出现饮食失调行为（DEB）的风险很高，但关于青少年舞者的研究仍然很少。本病例对照研究的目的是比较女性青少年古典芭蕾舞舞者及其非舞者的同性同龄人在身体成分、饮食习惯和饮食失调行为方面的差异。使用自我报告问卷，即饮食态度测试-26（EAT-26）和一份19项食物频率问卷（FFQ），来评估习惯性饮食和饮食失调行为。身体成分评估包括体重、身高、身体周长、皮褶厚度测量以及生物电阻抗分析（BIA）。结果表明，舞者比对照组更瘦，体重、体重指数（BMI）、臀围和臂围更低，皮褶更薄，脂肪量更少。两组在饮食习惯和EAT-26得分方面未观察到差异，但近四分之一（23.3%）的参与者得分≥20，表明存在饮食失调行为。EAT-26得分≥20的参与者的体重、BMI、身体周长、脂肪量和去脂体重显著高于得分<20的参与者。必须通过基于证据的信息和项目，以及在适当情况下通过合适的健康专业人员提供的个人咨询，对青少年进行营养和健康控制体重方法的教育。
