Chronic Disease of lifestyle unit, Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa.
BMC Pediatr. 2009 Dec 9;9:74. doi: 10.1186/1471-2431-9-74.
Individuals grow and accumulate central patterns of body fat into the diseases they will suffer from as older adults. The need to elicit the development and tracking of central patterns of body fat from younger age into adolescent remains to be explored.
Skinfolds measurements were done according to the standard procedures in the Ellisras Longitudinal Growth and Health Study. In total, 2,225 children--550 preschool and 1,675 primary school--aged 3-10 years (birth cohorts 1993 to 1986) were enrolled at baseline in 1996 and followed through out the eight-year periodic surveys. In 2003, 1,771 children--489 preschool and 1,282 primary school--were still in the study.
The development of triceps, biceps, suprailiac and suscapular skinfolds of Ellisras girls were significantly higher (p < 0.001 to 0.05) compared to boys over time. The tracking coefficient between the initial measurements and the subsequent measurements was higher for skinfolds (r about 0.63) than for skinfold ratios (r about 0.43). Longitudinal tracking coefficient measuring the association between the initial measurements and all the follow up measurements simultaneously was about 0.57.
The accumulation of central patterns of body fat of Ellisras children starts in childhood and adolescence spurt with Ellisras girls acquiring more than boys over time. High significant tracking of skinfold thickness while the skinfold ratios show low and insignificant tracking over time. The magnitude of central patterns of body fat accumulation over time requires further investigation to clarify their association with risk factors for cardiovascular diseases.
个体在成长过程中会逐渐积累身体中部的脂肪模式，这些模式会导致他们在老年时患上某些疾病。因此，有必要从年轻时开始研究和追踪身体中部脂肪模式的发展。
在 Ellisras 纵向生长与健康研究中，按照标准程序对皮褶厚度进行测量。总共纳入了 2225 名儿童（550 名学龄前儿童和 1675 名小学生），年龄在 3-10 岁之间（出生队列为 1993 年至 1986 年），于 1996 年在基线时入组，并在整个 8 年定期调查中进行随访。2003 年，仍有 1771 名儿童（489 名学龄前儿童和 1282 名小学生）参与研究。
与男孩相比，Ellisras 女孩的三头肌、二头肌、髂嵴和肩胛下角皮褶厚度随着时间的推移显著增加（p<0.001 至 0.05）。初始测量值与后续测量值之间的跟踪系数对于皮褶（r 约为 0.63）高于皮褶比（r 约为 0.43）。纵向跟踪系数用于衡量初始测量值与所有后续测量值之间的关联，其值约为 0.57。
Ellisras 儿童的身体中部脂肪模式的积累始于儿童期和青春期，Ellisras 女孩随着时间的推移比男孩积累的更多。皮褶厚度的跟踪程度很高，而皮褶比随着时间的推移显示出较低且无显著的跟踪。随着时间的推移，身体中部脂肪模式的积累程度需要进一步研究，以明确其与心血管疾病风险因素的关系。
