Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.
J Sci Med Sport. 2013 Mar;16(2):118-23. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2012.06.008. Epub 2012 Jul 21.
The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of physical fitness (PF) on the development of subcutaneous adipose tissue in children followed longitudinally over a 9 year period ranging from childhood to adolescence.
This longitudinal study followed 518 healthy participants (262 boys, 256 girls) over a 9-year period ranging from childhood (age 6) to adolescence (age 15). Adiposity (triceps and subscapular skinfolds), and fitness (60s sit-ups, flexed arm hang, standing long jump, 50m dash, 10m shuttle run, sit-and-reach, and 20m pacer run) were assessed at four annual time points during primary school, and on a follow up, 6 years later, during secondary school.
Growth in subcutaneous fat was modeled within a HLM statistical framework, using fitness components as time changing predictors.
Flexed arm hang (β=-0.059; p=0.000), standing long jump (β=-0.072; p=0.000), 60s sit-ups (β=-0.041; p=0.040), 50m dash (β=0.956; p=0.000), and 20m PACER (β=-0.077; p=0.000) tests, were found to predict changes on body fat growth over the years, independently of sex.
Improving PF individual levels can positively influence adiposity deposition over the time period covering childhood and adolescence. That occurs independently of the typical sex differentiated adiposity growth.
本研究旨在探讨体适能（PF）对儿童皮下脂肪组织发育的影响，该研究对 518 名健康参与者进行了 9 年的纵向随访，随访时间从儿童期（6 岁）到青春期（15 岁）。在小学期间，每年进行 4 次体脂（三头肌和肩胛下皮褶）和体适能（60 秒仰卧起坐、屈臂悬垂、立定跳远、50 米短跑、10 米折返跑、坐立前伸和 20 米疾跑）评估，在 6 年后的中学阶段进行了随访。
在 HLM 统计框架内对皮下脂肪的生长进行建模，使用体适能指标作为随时间变化的预测因子。
屈臂悬垂（β=-0.059；p=0.000）、立定跳远（β=-0.072；p=0.000）、60 秒仰卧起坐（β=-0.041；p=0.040）、50 米短跑（β=0.956；p=0.000）和 20 米 PACER（β=-0.077；p=0.000）测试结果表明，这些指标可预测多年来体脂肪增长的变化，且不受性别的影响。
提高 PF 个体水平可以积极影响儿童期和青春期期间的脂肪堆积。这与典型的性别差异脂肪生长无关。
