van Lenthe F J, Kemper H C, van Mechelen W, Twisk J W
Institute for Research in Extramural Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Int J Epidemiol. 1996 Dec;25(6):1162-71. doi: 10.1093/ije/25.6.1162.
A central pattern of body fat is recognized as a risk indicator of cardiovascular diseases in adulthood. The development of this body fat pattern from childhood into adulthood however, remains to be explored.
The development of two trunk skinfolds (subscapular; supra-iliac), two extremity skinfolds (biceps; triceps), and three trunk-extremity skinfold ratios for males (n = 71) and females (n = 84), were described over a period of 17 years from 13 to 29 years of age. In addition, tracking of the skinfolds and the skinfold ratios was investigated over this period. Data for this study came from the Amsterdam Growth and Health Study, an ongoing longitudinal study in the Netherlands that started in 1977.
In adolescence, a decrease was seen in extremity skinfolds for men but not for women. For both sexes, the trunk skinfolds increased over the entire period of study. An increase was found in trunk-extremity skinfold ratios in males, but not in females. Tracking coefficients, calculated as Pearson correlation coefficients between the initial measurement and subsequent measurements, were about 0.4 for the single skinfolds between 13 and 29 years of age for both men and women. For the skinfold ratios, these correlation coefficients were about 0.55. Longitudinal tracking coefficients, measuring the association between the initial measurement and all follow-up data simultaneously, were about 0.65 for both men and women.
A central pattern of body fat, mainly seen in males, seems to start in adolescence. From a preventive point of view, tracking coefficients were too low to be of predictive value. In order to conclude that the roots of a central pattern of body fat are in adolescence, careful search for determinants of change of this body fat pattern is needed.
体脂的一种中心模式被认为是成年人心血管疾病的风险指标。然而，这种体脂模式从童年到成年的发展仍有待探索。
描述了13至29岁期间男性（n = 71）和女性（n = 84）的两个躯干皮褶（肩胛下；髂上）、两个四肢皮褶（肱二头肌；肱三头肌）以及三个躯干 - 四肢皮褶比率的发展情况。此外，还研究了在此期间皮褶和皮褶比率的追踪情况。本研究的数据来自阿姆斯特丹生长与健康研究，这是一项始于1977年在荷兰进行的正在进行的纵向研究。
在青春期，男性的四肢皮褶减少，而女性则没有。在整个研究期间，男女的躯干皮褶均增加。男性的躯干 - 四肢皮褶比率增加，而女性没有。追踪系数以13至29岁期间男性和女性单次皮褶的初始测量值与后续测量值之间的皮尔逊相关系数计算，约为0.4。对于皮褶比率，这些相关系数约为0.55。纵向追踪系数同时测量初始测量值与所有随访数据之间的关联，男性和女性均约为0.65。
主要在男性中出现的体脂中心模式似乎始于青春期。从预防的角度来看，追踪系数过低，没有预测价值。为了得出体脂中心模式的根源在青春期的结论，需要仔细寻找这种体脂模式变化的决定因素。
