Santos A M, Vieira J W
Federal Center of Technological Education of Piauí, Liberdade Square, 1597, 64000-040, Teresina city, Piauí state, Brazil.
Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2009 Nov 15;55(3):7-12.
The use of computational models of the human body (anthropomorphic phantoms) assists in the estimation of the dose absorbed in organs or tissues of people exposed to sources of radiation which are external or internal to them. Nowadays, more realistic anthropomorphic phantoms are based on volume elements, well-known as voxels, and they are constructed from real images obtained through the scanning of people by Computed Tomography (CT) or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). The existence of artifacts in original images CT or MRI indicates the necessity of utilizing filtering processes before segmentation with the purpose of eliminating noises, improving contrasts and also to detect contours of organs regions. This study presents the methodology used for the creation of a phantom of voxels from tomographic images of Alderson-Rando (AR) physical phantom and the development of a computational model of exposure formed by phantoms resulting from "voxelization" of AR connected to Monte Carlo EGS4 code, added by algorithms to simulate radioactive sources in internal dose measuring.
人体计算模型（拟人化体模）的使用有助于估算暴露于体内或体外辐射源的人员的器官或组织中吸收的剂量。如今，更逼真的拟人化体模基于体积元素，即众所周知的体素，它们由通过计算机断层扫描（CT）或磁共振成像（MRI）对人体进行扫描获得的真实图像构建而成。原始CT或MRI图像中存在伪影，这表明在分割之前有必要利用滤波过程来消除噪声、改善对比度并检测器官区域的轮廓。本研究介绍了用于从Alderson-Rando（AR）物理体模的断层图像创建体素体模的方法，以及由与蒙特卡罗EGS4代码相连的AR“体素化”产生的体模形成的暴露计算模型的开发，并添加了用于模拟内照射剂量测量中放射性源的算法。
