Vieira J W, Lima F R A
Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Pernambuco. Av. Prof. Luiz Freire, 500, Curado, Recife-PE, Brasil.
Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2009 Nov 15;55(3):16-22.
Anthropomorphic models used in computational dosimetry, also denominated phantoms, are based on digital images recorded from scanning of real people by Computed Tomography (CT) or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). The voxel phantom construction requests computational processing for transformations of image formats, to compact two-dimensional (2-D) images forming of three-dimensional (3-D) matrices, image sampling and quantization, image enhancement, restoration and segmentation, among others. Hardly the researcher of computational dosimetry will find all these available abilities in single software, and almost always this difficulty presents as a result the decrease of the rhythm of his researches or the use, sometimes inadequate, of alternative tools. The need to integrate the several tasks mentioned above to obtain an image that can be used in an exposure computational model motivated the development of the Digital Image Processing (DIP) software, mainly to solve particular problems in Dissertations and Thesis developed by members of the Grupo de Pesquisa em Dosimetria Numérica (GDN/CNPq). Because of this particular objective, the software uses the Portuguese idiom in their implementations and interfaces. This paper presents the second version of the DIP, whose main changes are the more formal organization on menus and menu items, and menu for digital image segmentation. Currently, the DIP contains the menus Fundamentos, Visualizações, Domínio Espacial, Domínio de Frequências, Segmentações and Estudos. Each menu contains items and sub-items with functionalities that, usually, request an image as input and produce an image or an attribute in the output. The DIP reads edits and writes binary files containing the 3-D matrix corresponding to a stack of axial images from a given geometry that can be a human body or other volume of interest. It also can read any type of computational image and to make conversions. When the task involves only an output image, this is saved as a JPEG file in the Windows default; when it involves an image stack, the output binary file is denominated SGI (Simulações Gráficas Interativas (Interactive Graphic Simulations), an acronym already used in other publications of the GDN/CNPq.
计算剂量学中使用的拟人模型，也称为体模，基于通过计算机断层扫描（CT）或磁共振成像（MRI）对真人进行扫描所记录的数字图像。体素体模构建需要进行计算处理，以实现图像格式转换、将二维（2-D）图像压缩成三维（3-D）矩阵、图像采样与量化、图像增强、恢复和分割等。计算剂量学的研究人员很难在单一软件中找到所有这些可用功能，而且几乎总是因为这个困难导致其研究节奏放缓，或者有时会不充分地使用替代工具。将上述几项任务集成以获得可用于暴露计算模型的图像的需求，推动了数字图像处理（DIP）软件的开发，主要是为了解决数字剂量学研究小组（GDN/CNPq）成员在论文和学位论文中遇到的特定问题。由于这个特定目标，该软件在其实现和界面中使用葡萄牙语。本文介绍了DIP的第二个版本，其主要变化是菜单和菜单项的组织更加规范，以及增加了数字图像分割菜单。目前，DIP包含“基础”“可视化”“空间域”“频率域”“分割”和“研究”等菜单。每个菜单都包含具有相应功能的项目和子项目，这些功能通常需要以图像作为输入，并在输出中生成图像或属性。DIP读取、编辑和写入二进制文件，这些文件包含与来自给定几何体（可以是人体或其他感兴趣的体积）的轴向图像堆栈相对应的三维矩阵。它还可以读取任何类型的计算图像并进行转换。当任务仅涉及输出图像时，该图像将以JPEG文件格式保存到Windows默认目录；当任务涉及图像堆栈时，输出二进制文件命名为SGI（交互式图形模拟，这是一个首字母缩写词，已在GDN/CNPq的其他出版物中使用）。
