Dell Children's Medical Center of Central Texas, Austin, TX 78723, USA.
Am J Emerg Med. 2010 Jan;28(1):68-72. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2008.09.011.
The aim of the study was to examine the interactions between alcohol, bicycle helmet use, experience level, riding environment, head and brain injury, insurance status, and hospital charges in a medium-sized city without an adult helmet law.
A study of adult bicycle accident victims presenting to a regional trauma center over a 1-year period was undertaken. Data were collected at the bedside regarding helmet use, alcohol use, experience level, location and type of accident and prevailing vehicle speed (for road accidents), and presence and degree of head or brain injury.
Two hundred patients 18 years or older were enrolled from December 2006 through November 2007. Alcohol use showed a strong correlation with head injury (odds ratio, 3.23; 95% confidence interval, 1.57-6.63; P = .001). Impaired riders were less experienced, less likely to have medical insurance, rarely wore helmets, were more likely to ride at night and in slower speed zones such as city streets, and their hospital charges were double (all P values <.05).
Alcohol use leads to a host of unsafe bicycling practices, increased head and brain injuries, and costs to the cyclist and community. The interrelated characteristics of the riding patterns of the cyclists who use alcohol might help target interventions.
本研究旨在探讨在一个没有成人头盔法的中等城市中，酒精、自行车头盔使用、经验水平、骑行环境、头部和脑部损伤、保险状况和医院费用之间的相互作用。
对在一年期间向区域创伤中心就诊的成年自行车事故受害者进行了一项研究。在床边收集了关于头盔使用、酒精使用、经验水平、事故发生地点和类型以及普遍的车辆速度（对于道路事故）以及头部或脑部损伤的存在和程度的数据。
2006 年 12 月至 2007 年 11 月期间共纳入 200 名 18 岁或以上的患者。酒精使用与头部损伤有很强的相关性（优势比，3.23；95%置信区间，1.57-6.63；P=0.001）。受损骑手经验较少，医疗保险较少，很少戴头盔，更有可能在夜间和速度较慢的区域（如城市街道）骑行，他们的医院费用是两倍（所有 P 值均<.05）。
酒精使用导致一系列不安全的骑自行车行为，增加头部和脑部受伤的风险，并给骑车人和社区带来成本。饮酒者骑自行车的模式的相互关联的特征可能有助于针对干预措施。
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