Welsh School of Pharmacy, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
Am J Infect Control. 2010 Jun;38(5):393-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2009.08.012. Epub 2009 Dec 16.
Virucidal compounds are essential in preventing the transmission of viral infection in the health care environment. Understanding their mechanisms of action is necessary to improve their efficacy. Inactivation of viruses is less documented than that of bacteria notably because different types of virus have diverse response to microbicides, making difficult to establish an inactivation pattern.
The effect of viral aggregates on the virucidal activity of polyhexamethylene biguanide-based microbicide VANTOCIL TG (Arch Chemicals, Manchester, UK) against the bacteriophage MS2 was investigated by using in combination a standard suspension efficacy test under different conditions and dynamic light scattering measuring the presence and size of aggregates.
Temperature had a key role in increasing significantly the virucidal activity of VANTOCIL TG, reducing virus concentration by 4-log(10) within 10 minutes at 40 degrees C. The high temperature was linked to a reduction of viral aggregates despite the exposure to the biguanide. In addition, the viral inactivation kinetic became significantly more linear at 30 degrees C and 40 degrees C. Such results were also observed with sonication during treatment, where a first-order kinetic was observed. However, the addition of surfactants, even though there was evidence of a decrease in viral clumps, did not enhance the virucidal activity of polyhexamethylene biguanide.
The presence of viral aggregates was an important factor in the virucidal efficacy of the biguanide as demonstrated by the correlation among high temperature, decrease in aggregates, and increase in activity, although it is possible that high temperatures might also cause conformational changes of the viral capsid, increasing the sensitivity of virions to the microbicide.
在医疗环境中，杀病毒化合物对于预防病毒感染的传播至关重要。了解其作用机制对于提高其功效是必要的。病毒的失活比细菌的失活记录得更少，特别是因为不同类型的病毒对杀菌剂有不同的反应，使得难以建立失活动力学模式。
通过在不同条件下联合使用标准悬浮效力测试和动态光散射来测量聚六亚甲基双胍基杀菌剂 VANTOCIL TG（英国曼彻斯特的 Arch Chemicals）对噬菌体 MS2 的病毒杀灭活性，研究了病毒聚集体对其的影响。
温度在显著提高 VANTOCIL TG 的杀病毒活性方面起着关键作用，在 40°C 下 10 分钟内可将病毒浓度降低 4-log(10)。高温与病毒聚集体的减少有关，尽管暴露于双胍盐下也是如此。此外，在 30°C 和 40°C 下，病毒失活动力学变得更加线性。在处理过程中进行超声处理时也观察到了类似的结果，其中观察到一级动力学。然而，即使有证据表明病毒团块减少，表面活性剂的添加也不会增强聚六亚甲基双胍的杀病毒活性。
病毒聚集体的存在是双胍盐杀病毒功效的一个重要因素，这可以通过高温、聚集体减少和活性增加之间的相关性来证明，尽管高温也可能导致病毒衣壳的构象变化，从而增加病毒对杀菌剂的敏感性。
