两种基于学校的青少年抗阻训练计划的锻炼依从性和干预效果。
Exercise adherence and intervention effects of two school-based resistance training programs for adolescents.
机构信息
School of Education, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan Campus, NSW 2308, Australia.
出版信息
Prev Med. 2010 Jan-Feb;50(1-2):56-62. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2009.12.003. Epub 2009 Dec 16.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and feasibility of two school-based RT programs to improve muscular fitness and body composition in adolescents.
METHODS
The study was conducted in Australia from July 2008 to June 2009. Participants [n=108, mean age (SD)=15.0 (0.7) years] were randomized to free weights (n=37) or elastic tubing (n=41) RT groups and a control group was recruited (n=30). Participants in the RT groups completed 2 sets of 10-12 repetitions on 10 exercises for 8 weeks. Waist circumference, body composition (bioelectrical impedance analysis) and muscular strength (bench press and leg press) were assessed at baseline and posttest.
RESULTS
Boys (p<0.001) and girls (p<0.01) in both RT groups improved their body composition over the study period. Boys in both RT groups significantly improved both upper and lower body strength and their improvements were significantly greater than changes observed in the control group. Girls in the free weights groups achieved larger improvements in lower body strength compared to the control group (p<0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
Free weights and elastic tubing RT are feasible and effective strategies for improving aspects of health-related fitness in adolescents.
目的
本研究旨在评估两种基于学校的 RT 方案在提高青少年肌肉健康和身体成分方面的效果和可行性。
方法
该研究于 2008 年 7 月至 2009 年 6 月在澳大利亚进行。参与者 [n=108，平均年龄（SD）=15.0（0.7）岁] 被随机分配到自由重量（n=37）或弹性管（n=41）RT 组，招募对照组（n=30）。RT 组的参与者完成了 10 项运动的 2 组 10-12 次重复，持续 8 周。在基线和测试后评估腰围、身体成分（生物电阻抗分析）和肌肉力量（卧推和腿推）。
结果
两组 RT 组的男孩（p<0.001）和女孩（p<0.01）在研究期间都改善了身体成分。两组 RT 组的男孩的上下肢力量都显著提高，其改善明显大于对照组观察到的变化。与对照组相比，自由重量组的女孩在下肢力量方面取得了更大的改善（p<0.05）。
结论
自由重量和弹性管 RT 是提高青少年健康相关身体素质的可行且有效的策略。
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