GADD45a-GFP 绿屏 HC 检测方法用于评估新遗传毒性试验的 ECVAM 推荐遗传毒性和非遗传毒性化学物质列表的结果。
GADD45a-GFP GreenScreen HC assay results for the ECVAM recommended lists of genotoxic and non-genotoxic chemicals for assessment of new genotoxicity tests.
机构信息
Gentronix Ltd, 46 Grafton Street, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.
出版信息
Mutat Res. 2010 Jan;695(1-2):87-95. doi: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2009.12.008. Epub 2009 Dec 16.
A recent ECVAM workshop considered how to reduce falsely predictive positive results when undertaking in vitro genotoxicity testing, and thus to avoid unnecessary follow-up with tests involving animals. As it was anticipated that modified versions of existing assays as well as new assays might contribute to a solution, an expert panel was asked to identify a list of chemicals that could be used in the evaluation of such assays. Three categories of test chemicals were chosen comprising a total of 62 compounds. This paper provides test results for these chemicals using the GreenScreen HC assay. All tests were carried out in triplicate, by multiple operators, with and without S9, using invariant protocols. Group 1 chemicals should be detected as positive in in vitro mammalian cell genotoxicity tests: 18/20 (90%) were reproducibly positive in GreenScreen HC. Group 2 chemicals should give negative results in in vitro genotoxicity tests: 22/23 (96%) were reproducibly negative in GreenScreen HC. Overall concordance for Groups 1 and 2 is 93%. Group 3 chemicals should give negative results in in vitro mammalian cell genotoxicity tests, but have been reported to induce chromosomal aberrations or Tk mutations in mouse lymphoma cells, often at high concentrations or at high levels of cytotoxicity: 13/17 (76%) were reproducibly negative in GreenScreen HC. Of the four positive compounds in Group 3, p-nitrophenol was only positive at the top dose (10mM), 2,4-DCP is an in vivo genotoxin, and two chemicals are antioxidant compounds that may be acting as pro-oxidants in the hyperoxic conditions of cell culture. Overall, these predictive figures are similar to those from other studies with the GreenScreen HC assay and confirm its high specificity, which in turn minimizes the generation of falsely predictive positive results.
最近的 ECVAM 研讨会探讨了如何在进行体外遗传毒性测试时减少假阳性预测结果,从而避免不必要的动物测试。由于预计现有的经过修改的测试方法以及新的测试方法可能有助于解决这个问题,因此专家小组被要求确定一组可用于评估此类测试的化学物质。选择了三类测试化学物质,总共包含 62 种化合物。本文提供了使用 GreenScreen HC 测定法对这些化学物质的测试结果。所有测试均由多名操作人员以三重复进行,有无 S9 均可,使用不变的方案。第一组化学物质应在体外哺乳动物细胞遗传毒性测试中被检测为阳性:18/20(90%)在 GreenScreen HC 中可重复地呈阳性。第二组化学物质应在体外遗传毒性测试中给出阴性结果:22/23(96%)在 GreenScreen HC 中可重复地呈阴性。第一组和第二组的总体一致性为 93%。第三组化学物质应在体外哺乳动物细胞遗传毒性测试中给出阴性结果,但据报道会在小鼠淋巴瘤细胞中引起染色体畸变或 Tk 突变,通常在高浓度或高细胞毒性水平下:13/17(76%)在 GreenScreen HC 中可重复地呈阴性。第三组的四种阳性化合物中,对硝基苯酚仅在最高剂量(10mM)时呈阳性,2,4-DCP 是一种体内遗传毒物,两种化学物质是抗氧化剂化合物,在细胞培养的高氧条件下可能充当促氧化剂。总的来说,这些预测数据与 GreenScreen HC 测定法的其他研究相似,证实了其高特异性,这反过来又最大限度地减少了假阳性预测结果的产生。